边坡稳定性的GIS评价方法  

GIS-based Approach of Rock Slope′s Stability Assessment under Multiple Factors

作　　者：孙世国[1] 苏振华[1] 张英海[1] 

机构地区：[1]北方工业大学土木工程学院,北京100144

出　　处：《金属矿山》2016年第5期42-47,共6页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:41172250);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(编号:2012BAK09B06);北京市创新团队提升计划项目(编号:IDHT20140501);北京市科研基地建设项目(编号:XN083;XN107)

摘　　要：对矿区山体边坡进行稳定性评价,可以实现边坡失稳的空间预测,以避免生命财产损失。选取影响边坡稳定的12个因素(地层岩性、地质构造、风化蚀变、坡度、坡向、地形曲率、水文地质条件、地表径流、现有大型工程、道路工程、植被覆盖、温差),通过改进的模糊层次分析法,计算各因素的"模糊下限"、"最可能值"、"模糊上限"3类权重;基于ArcGis建立某矿地理数据库,结合地质勘探资料,综合利用ArcGis的空间分析模块,对各因素栅格图层进行加权叠加,对研究区域进行整体稳定性评价;通过模糊权重的调整,实现对不同边坡失稳类型(地震型失稳、强降雨型失稳)的稳定性评价。结果表明,研究区域内东南和西北角较稳定,不稳定区域集中在矿区以及地质条件不良地带,应结合暴雨以及地震预报预防不同失稳类型滑坡,同时合理进行开采设计。该方法为边坡稳定性评价提供了新的思路。Evaluating the stability of mining slope can implement the spatial prediction of slope failures and avoid loss of life and property,.Taking 12 influence factors of slope stability into consideration,such as formation lithology,geological structure,weathering and alteration,inclination,exposure,terrain curvature,hydrogeological condition,surface runoff,existing large project,road engineering,vegetation cover and temperature differences,the three kinds of weights（the fuzzy-floor,the most likely value and the fuzzy-ceiling）of each factor are calculated by the improved fuzzy analytic hierarchy process.The geographic database of one mine is built based on ArcGis,and combining with the geological exploration,the spatial analysis module of ArcGis are used to stack the weighted raster layer of various factors.The overall stability of the research area is evaluated,and different kinds of slope instability have been evaluated by adjusting fuzzy weight.The results show that the southeast and northwest corner in research area is stable,and the unstable area is distributed over the mining area and the bad geological area.Heavy rain and earthquake prediction should be jointly considered to prevent different kinds of instability of landslide,and the reasonable mining method should be chosen.It provides a new thought for evaluating slope stability.

关 键 词：模糊层次分析法 边坡失稳 ARCGIS 稳定性评价 

分 类 号：TU457[建筑科学—岩土工程]