饲料发酵对猪粪厌氧堆肥发酵过程中酶活的影响  

Effects of Feed Fermentation on Enzyme Activities in Anaerobic Composting Fermentation of Pig Feces

作　　者：盛清凯[1] 夏冬 孟宪利 韩红[1] 赵红波[1] 李祥明 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所/山东省畜禽疫病防治与繁育重点试验室,山东济南250100 [2]德州市畜牧总站,山东德州253000 [3]临邑县畜牧兽医局,山东临邑251500 [4]山东省饲料质量检验所,山东济南250022

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2016年第5期111-115,共5页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31172245);山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目[鲁财农指(2014)38号]

摘　　要：为促进种养结合,研究饲料发酵对猪粪堆肥厌氧发酵的影响。试验分为三组,对照组为饲喂干粉料的母猪粪,试验Ⅰ组为干粉料母猪粪+混合菌(枯草芽孢杆菌和植物乳杆菌),试验Ⅱ组为饲喂混合菌厌氧发酵饲料的母猪粪。不同猪粪分别与小麦壳混匀后堆积厌氧发酵。结果表明:饲料发酵使饲料和新鲜猪粪中乳酸菌增加,大肠杆菌减少(P<0.01),纤维素酶活性增加(P<0.05);堆肥过程中,试验Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组纤维素酶、蛋白酶、脲酶的活性先降低然后逐渐升高,两组变化趋势相似(P<0.05)。饲料发酵影响堆肥中酶的活性,发酵饲料猪粪容易腐熟,枯草芽孢杆菌可能在生猪饲料发酵及堆肥发酵整个过程中发挥作用。To promote the combination of cropping and livestock farming,the effects of feed fermentation on enzyme activities in pig feces during anaerobic composting fermentation were investigated. The test contained three groups,the control group was feces of sows fed with dry mash,the group Ⅰ was feces added mixed bacteria（ Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus plantarum）,and the group Ⅱ was feces of sows fed with wet diet anaerobically fermented by mixed bacteria. The feces were respectively anaerobically fermented after mixed with wheat shells. The results showed that feed fermentation increased the lactic acid bacteria contents in feed and fresh feces,while the E. coli contents decreased（ P〈0. 01）,and the cellulase activity increased（ P〈0. 05）. The variation trends of cellulase,protease and urease in group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were similar during the composting process（ P〈0. 05）. The results indicated that feed fermentation affected the enzyme activities in composting,the feces of fermented feed was easy to compost and Bacillus subtilis might play a key role in the whole process of feed fermentation and composting fermentation.

关 键 词：发酵饲料 猪粪 堆肥 纤维素酶 枯草芽孢杆菌 

分 类 号：S816.6[农业科学—饲料科学]