盎格鲁—撒克逊时期英格兰的中央司法治理  

The Central Jurisdiction of Anglo-Saxon England

作　　者：张建辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第3期125-129,共5页Journal of Henan Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目(12YJC770004)

摘　　要：盎格鲁—撒克逊人在英格兰立国之后,从颁布成文法典起,即对英格兰进行了有效的中央司法治理。初期的法典从重视宗族关系转向强调邻里关系,进而将国家的防卫职责置于全体自由人之上,并运用多种手段保护地方和平。到盎格鲁—撒克逊晚期,法典中不仅出现重要的"王之和平",而且还有较为具体的"逐出法外"及"王之保护",在具体操作上,从制定法典、传播法典、实施法典到法庭罚金,国王都会介入。与中央层面司法治理相连的"私人司法权",国王在利用的同时加以限制,造成盎格鲁—撒克逊时期英格兰贵族"私人司法权"的弱小,从而对英格兰的历史发展产生深远影响。After establishment of their kingdoms and especially promulgation of the written law,the Anglo-Saxons experienced the central jurisdiction effectively.The emphasis of early laws shifted from kinship to neighborhood.It placed the defence of the country on all the free man.Various means were used to protect local peace.To late Anglo-Saxon England,the vital＂king＇s peace＂appeared in laws.The specific＂outlawry＂and＂king＇s mund＂did so.In practice,the king took care of legislation,delivery and implement of the law,especially fins on the court.The power of private jurisdiction was connected with the central jurisdiction.The king took use of it meanwhile controlled it.As a result,the power of private jurisdiction was weak among the Anglo-Saxon nobility.It has a profound impact on the development of England.

关 键 词：盎格鲁—撒克逊英格兰 中央司法治理 王之保护 私人司法权 

分 类 号：K561.3[历史地理—历史学]