环境压力视角下区域生态效率测度及收敛性——以长江经济带为例  

The Eco-efficiency Assessment and Convergence of Yangtze River Economic Zone from the Perspective of Environmental Pressure

作　　者：汪克亮[1] 孟祥瑞[1] 程云鹤[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学资源与环境经济研究所,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《系统工程》2016年第4期109-116,共8页Systems Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71403003;71473001);国家社会科学基金资助项目(14BJL105);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金资助项目(13YJC790136);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2014M551787);安徽省哲学社科规划项目(AHSK11-12D107);安徽省软科学项目(1402052043;1302053056)

摘　　要：将经济生产过程中的自然资源消耗与环境污染排放视为＂环境压力＂,结合DEA理论与视窗分析法,实证测算2004~2012年长江经济带11个省市的5类生态效率指标值,并以此为基础考虑生态效率的地区差异与变化趋势,采用σ收敛与绝对β收敛两种收敛分析方法检验生态效率的敛散性。结果表明：样本期内长江经济带的生态效率整体水平依然偏低,且出现下降态势,资源节约与污染减排还存在很大的空间;不同省市与地区生态效率的差异特征较为明显;无论是长江经济带整体还是上游、中游与下游三大地区,内部省市生态效率之间的差距都有进一步扩大的趋势。Considering the natural resource consumption and pollutant reduction in the production process as environmental pressure,this paper utilizes DEA technique and window analysis to measure five eco-efficiency indicators of Yangtze River Economic Zone’s 11 provinces over the period of 2004-2012,on basis of which eco-efficiency’s regional differences and evolution trends are analyzed,σconvergence and absoluteβconvergence analysis are used for discussing the characteristic of convergence and divergence of eco-efficiency.Empirical analysis shows that the overall Yangtze River Economic Zone’s eco-efficiency is still low and presents a downward trend over the period 2004-2012,regional differences are remarkable and has great potential of resource saving and pollution reduction,and the eco-efficiency gaps among provinces from overall Yangtze River Economic Zone’s and the upper,middle or lower reaches all have the tendency of getting larger in the future.

关 键 词：环境压力 生态效率 收敛 长江经济带 

分 类 号：F061[经济管理—政治经济学]