水分动态调控对烤烟生长发育及质量的影响  

Effect of Water Dynamic Governing on Growth and Quality of Tobacco

作　　者：许东亚[1] 段卫东 史宏志[1] 王伟超[3] 祁瑞林 吕建国 李洪亮 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院/国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地,河南郑州450002 [2]河南中烟工业有限责任公司,河南郑州450017 [3]河南省烟草公司许昌市公司,河南许昌461000 [4]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2016年第6期20-24,29,共6页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南中烟工业有限责任公司许昌特色优质烟叶基地单元开发项目(HNZY201405);烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室项目(YCZP201501)

摘　　要：为探究水分动态调控对烤烟生长发育以及烤后烟叶质量的影响,设计田间试验,通过对烤烟进行伸根期节水灌溉、成熟期灌淋调亏等处理,研究了烤烟生长发育以及烟叶质量的变化。结果表明,烤烟伸根期节水灌溉条件下,烟株生长发育较快;成熟期灌淋调亏,可有效控制烟株后期长势;相对于常规处理(伸根期正常沟灌+成熟期不灌淋调亏),伸根期节水灌溉+成熟期灌淋调亏处理烤后烟叶还原糖、总糖、钾含量较高,蛋白质、烟碱、总氮、氯含量较低,协调性较好,色素含量较低,中性致香物质含量较高,评吸质量较好。因此,伸根期节水灌溉并于成熟期灌淋调亏,能够促进烟株生长发育和烟叶成熟落黄,色素、蛋白质等大分子物质充分降解,提高烤后烟质量,为豫中烟区生长前期干旱缺水、后期难以成熟落黄的问题提供了解决办法,有利于稳定烟叶质量,彰显浓香型风格。A fiel（i trial was conducted to study what effects water dynamic governing had on the growtli and quality of tobacco. Witli treatments such as water-saving irrigation in root-extended period and deficit leaching in mature period, changes of the growthi and quality of tobacco were that water-saving irrigation in root-extended period made tobacco plants grow faster, and deficit leaching in mature period made under control the growth in latter stages. Compared with the furrow irigation in root-extended period and not deficit leaching in matiure period ）, the treatment of water-saving irrigation in root-extended period and deficit leaching in matiure period increased the content ofreducing sugar, total sugar and potassium, reduced the content of protein, nicotine, total nitrogen andchlorine, with better coordination, reduced pigment residual, increased the content of neutral aromaconstituents and improved smoking quality. Therefore, reasonable water governing, furthier, water-saving irrigation in root-extended period and deficit leaching in mature period can promote the growth anddevelopment of tobacco plants in vigorous growing period and yellowing of tobacco in such macromolecule as protein and pigment degrade adequately, and improve the quality of fliue-cured tobacco , which may provi（ie a metliod to solve the problem that tobacco plants inarea faced water shortage at tlie earlier stage and har（i yellowing at tlie later stage, and then heljD the flue-cured tobacco to better show the full favor style there.

关 键 词：烤烟 水分动态调控 生长发育 烟叶质量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]