青藏高原苔原自然带谱及复式三维地带模式  

Tundra natural zone spectrum and multiple three-dimensional zonality mode of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

作　　者：孙广友[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130021 [2]吉林大学环境资源学院,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2016年第1期1-10,共10页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：冻土工程国家重点实验室课题(04-04-08);中国科学院重点部署项目"黄河源区冻土变化的水文效应"(KZZD-EW-13)资助

摘　　要：首次依空间结构将青藏高原划分为外围高山、外缘高山、高原面高山、高原面及高原盆地等五种地貌体;厘清了高原不存在纬度地带性的误判,并结合作者前期高原苔原的论证,创建了高原苔原带谱体系及其三维仿真地带模型,分别为顶锥型(外围离散高山及高原面高山)、带型(外缘带状高山)和平面型(高原面).既具有一般高山苔原(alpine tundra)垂直带谱,又呈现高原山原苔原所特有的"复式三维地带性模式",在全球具有唯一性.首次编制了表征北极苔原与高原苔原关系的北半球苔原带模式图,指出长白山为东北亚高山苔原南界的论点不能成立,青藏高原苔原才是中国及东北亚苔原的南界.目前高原是第三极称谓皆无顶极生物带苔原带景观为前提,仅是高度上的寓意,从地理概念上明确了其与南北极并列的世界第三极定位.Landform is an important role in the formation of natural zone.The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau landform may be divided into five types：the outside high mountains,the edge high mountains,the high mountain on the plateau surfaces,plateau surface and the plateau basin.Joining the early analysis of the tundra on the Tibetan Plateau,it is found that the zonal system of the plateau tundra should divided into tip cone type,band type and plane type.The idea that Changbai Mountain tundra is the south limit of Northeast Asia tundra is corrected in this paper;a new idea that the plateau tundra is a special type of the tundra in the world is given,which is the real south limit of Northeast Asia tundra.It is incorrect that the plateau has no latitude natural zone,because the plateau has a good factor for the formation of latitude zone.A Three-Dimensional Vertical Natural Zone（3DVNZ）is found,which a complex three-dimensional zone model in the world is.In the paper,a tundra map in the Northern Hemisphere can be seen,and the relation between north polar and Qinghai-Tibetan polar（third polar）is found.

关 键 词：青藏高原 高原面 苔原带谱 高原三维地带性 复式三维地带模式 

分 类 号：Q948.2[生物学—植物学]