阿瑞匹坦联合托烷司琼防治铂类化疗药所致恶心呕吐的有效性及安全性分析  

Efficacy and Safety of Aprepitant Combing Tropisetron for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting

作　　者：余少玲[1] 陈利平[1] 李秋梅[1] 胡雯[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学肿瘤防治中心鼻咽科,广州510060

出　　处：《中国现代应用药学》2016年第5期657-660,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Applied Pharmacy

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金(A2014253)

摘　　要：目的探讨阿瑞匹坦联合托烷司琼对铂类化疗药所致恶心、呕吐、食欲下降、体质量下降等的防治作用,并评估其安全性。方法选取100名给予铂类化疗的鼻咽癌患者,将其随机分为实验组和对照组,各50例。2组均常规使用托烷司琼,其中实验组在化疗前1 h及化疗后第2,3天口服阿瑞匹坦。观察2组患者恶心、呕吐、食欲下降、乏力、体质量下降、腹泻、便秘、皮疹、过敏、手足综合征及神经毒性感觉等方面的异同。结果在呕吐方面,对照组的防治有效率为44%(22例),实验组的防治有效率为86%(43例)。对照组的体质量下降程度明显高于实验组(P<0.05)。2组患者在恶心、食欲下降、乏力、腹泻、便秘、皮疹、过敏、手足综合征及神经毒性感觉等方面差异无统计学意义。结论阿瑞匹坦联合托烷司琼可安全、有效的防治铂类化疗药所致的呕吐,减轻鼻咽癌患者化疗期间的体质量下降,但对恶心及食欲下降等的防治作用不明显。OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of aprepitant for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting（CINV）, asthenia, lack of appetite, weight lose, after platinum-based chemotherapy. METHODS One hundred nasopharyngeal carcinoma（NPC） patients applied platinum-based chemotherapy were selected and divided into experimental group and control group, 50 patients in each group. Both groups were given tropisetron and the experimental group were given aprepitant 1 h before chemotherapy on the second day and third day. The two group＇s nausea and vomiting preventive effect, lack of appetite, asthenia, weight lose, diarrhea, constipation, skin rash, allergy, hand-foot syndrome and neurotoxic sense was compared. RESULTS The effective prevention rate of vomiting in control group was 44%（22 patients）, and in experimental group it was 86%（22 patients）. The experimental group＇s vomiting preventive effect and weight lose were better than the control group（P〈0.05）. There was no obviously statistically significant for nausea, lack of appetite, asthenia, diarrhea, constipation, skin rash, allergy, hand-foot syndrome and neurotoxic sense. CONCLUSION Aprepitant treating to NPC patients can be safely and effectively to prevent vomiting and weight lose, but has no effect on nausea and lack of appetite.

关 键 词：阿瑞匹坦 托烷司琼 铂类化疗药 化学治疗 恶心 呕吐 

分 类 号：R969.4[医药卫生—药理学]