札如病毒致幼托儿童急性胃肠炎爆发疫情特征分析  

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks caused by sapovirus in preschool children

作　　者：颜玉炳[1,2] 苏成豪[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门市疾病预防控制中心,福建厦门361021 [2]福建医科大学公共卫生学院教学基地

出　　处：《中国校医》2016年第5期364-366,共3页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

基　　金：厦门市卫生局医学科研项目(WSK2010-01)

摘　　要：目的探索札如病毒所致幼托儿童急性胃肠炎爆发疫情的特点。方法对2起札如病毒所致幼托儿童急性胃肠炎爆发疫情进行现场流行病学调查,对采集的样品进行细菌性和病毒性检测,对5例阳性病例的排毒期进行追踪。结果 2起爆发疫情病原为札如病毒,共23人发病,班级内罹患率分别为36.67%和30.77%,临床表现以呕吐和腹痛症状为主,分别占发病人数的100%和69.6%,病例排毒期6~13 d,中位数为9 d。结论札如病毒在托幼机构等儿童聚集的场所极易引起爆发疫情,应引起重视。Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks caused by sapovirus in preschool children. Methods An epidemiological study was conducted for two acute gastroenteritis outbreaks caused by sapovirus in preschool children, the samples collected were detected for bacteria and virus, and the detoxification period of sapovirus was tracked in 5 cases. Results The pathogen which caused the two acute gastroenteritis outbreaks with 23 children cases in total was identified as sapovirus, and the attack rates within a class were 36.67%and 30.77% respectively. Vomiting and abdominal pain were main clinical manifestations accounting for 100% and 69.6%of all cases respectively, and the minimum, maximum and median of detoxification periods were 6, 13 and 9 days respectively. Conclusion Sapovirus may cause the acute gastroenteritis outbreak easily in kindergartens and other places where children congregate, and we should pay more attention to it.

关 键 词：儿童 学龄前 Sapo病毒 胃肠炎/流行病学 疾病爆发流行 学校 幼儿 

分 类 号：R184[医药卫生—流行病学]