白及种子萌发及原球茎发育过程的细胞组织学观察  

Morphological and cytohistological observations of seed germination and protocorm development of Bletilla striata

作　　者：聂宁[1,2] 朱艳[1,2] 田梅[1,2] 华静雯 王龙[3] 秦民坚[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国药科大学中药资源学教研室,江苏南京210009 [2]中国药科大学天然药物活性成分与药效国家重点实验室,江苏南京210009 [3]中国药科大学药用植物学实验中心,江苏南京211198

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2016年第8期1446-1449,共4页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(3010020037);2014年度公益性行业科研专项(201407002)

摘　　要：为探讨白及种子发育成苗的机制,对组织培养条件下种子萌发过程和原球茎发育过程进行了形态学和石蜡切片细胞组织学观察。结果表明:白及种子吸水膨胀后,出现极性,远离胚柄端分化出绿色芽点,芽点发育成子叶,同时种胚突破种皮形成原球茎,另一端则出现成群的白色绒毛状假根。原球茎顶端分生组织的发育遵循原套-原体学说,内部分化出多束维管束后,白及由原球茎过渡到根状茎阶段。其中根原基的发育始于根状茎维管束,为内起源。当根状茎逐渐膨大,内部基本分生组织分化为成熟薄壁组织后,假鳞茎开始形成。白及种子的发育共经过种胚、原球茎、根状茎和假鳞茎4个阶段。In order to investigate the mechanism of growth for Bletilla striata,which could be applied for rapid propagation,morphological and cytohistological of seed germination and protocorm development in vitro culture were observed using paraffin section techniques. In this study,we have found that the development of B. striata goes through four stages： embryo,protocorm,rhizome and pseudobulb. The end away from embryo suspensor is able to differentiate green buds after the seed of B. striata swelling,growing point. At the same time,the other end of embryo grows many white villous roots,with the green bud differentiating into cotyledon,the embryo breaking through seed coat and being protocorm. The shoot apical meristem of protocorm consists of tunica,corpus and leaf primordium,whose developmental flowing tunica-corpus theory. After more vascular bundle appeared from the leaf primordium,B. striata grows into the stage of rhizome. While in the stage of rhizome,the root primordium of tissue culture seedlings are differentia initially that derived from rhizome vascular bundle,belonging to internal origin. Subsequently,the pseudobulb forms by the inner meristem growing into mature parenchymatous tissue and the rhizome enlargement gradually.

关 键 词：白及 原球茎 细胞组织学 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]