花后水分胁迫对春小麦淀粉形成及相关酶活性的影响  

Effects of water stress after anthesis on starch formation and the activity of associated enzyme in spring wheat

作　　者：李亚婷[1,2] 康建宏[2] 吴宏亮[2] 李昱[2] 姚珊[2] 

机构地区：[1]草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室,兰州大学草地农业科技学院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《草业科学》2016年第5期917-925,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31160255);宁夏大学大学生创新实验(11NXN38)

摘　　要：近年来,气候变化导致农田干旱与渍水频繁发生。研究花后水分胁迫对春小麦(Triticum aestivum)淀粉形成的影响,对栽培稳产优质的春小麦品种具有重要意义。本研究以宁夏平原主栽春小麦宁春4号和宁春47号为试材,采用盆栽种植,人工控制土壤含水量,设置重度干旱、轻度干旱、正常处理和过度灌溉4个试验梯度。结果表明,花后干旱显著(P<0.05)提高了宁春4号灌浆前期籽粒中直链淀粉含量,显著降低了两种春小麦灌浆中后期直链、支链淀粉含量,最终使收获期籽粒中总淀粉含量显著降低。与籽粒中淀粉形成相关的4种关键酶,AGPP、UGPP、SBE及SSS活性在整个灌浆期均呈单峰曲线,两种春小麦灌浆中后期受花后水分胁迫显著降低了酶活性,两种春小麦的直链淀粉积累速率与SSS活性活性均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。Recently,frequent drought and waterlogging due to climate change caused severe yield loss in spring wheat.The research about the effects of water stress after anthesis on starch formation had great importance for cultivation of spring wheat with stable production and high quality.In the present study,two spring wheat varieties Ningchun 4and Ningchun 47 which were domain varieties in Ningxia province were selected as material.Four different soil moisture treatments including heavy drought,light drought,normal and water logging were performed by manipulating the post-anthesis soil moisture in pots.The results showed that post-anthesis drought significantly increased（P〈0.05）the grain starch content during the earlier filling stage and significantly reduced（P〈0.05）the amylose and amylopectin content during the mid and late filing stage so that significantly reduced（P〈0.05）the total starch content during the late filing stage.The activities of four key enzymes associated with starch formation,AGPP（ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase）,UGPP（UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase）,SBE（starch branching Enzyme）and SSS（soluble starch synthase）,varied with a single peak curve.Water stress depressed these four enzyme activities in spring wheat during the mid and late filling stage.The rate of amylose accumulation in the two spring wheat was significant positively correlated with the activity of SSS（P〈0.01）.

关 键 词：春小麦 水分胁迫 淀粉形成 酶活性 

分 类 号：S512.12[农业科学—作物学] Q945.78[生物学—植物学]