墨西哥柏精油的提取及成分分析  

Extraction and component analysis of Cupressus lusitanica essential oil

作　　者：马莉[1] 陈君[1] 朱凯[1] 万福绪[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学化学工程学院 [2]南京林业大学林学院,南京210037

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2016年第3期63-67,共5页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD);国家林业局"948"项目(2009-4-17)

摘　　要：以墨西哥柏的枝、叶为原料,研究水蒸气蒸馏法和溶剂法提取精油工艺,并采用GC-MS分析茎叶油与枝干油的化学成分,以及水蒸气蒸馏法与溶剂提取法所得精油成分的差异。研究表明,水蒸气蒸馏法较佳工艺条件为:茎叶原料粒度1.0 mm,提取时间4 h,渗透剂Na Cl 6%,料液比1∶6,在此条件下精油得率为1.17%;溶剂提取法以石油醚、乙醇为溶剂,提取所得浸膏得率(去除石油醚和乙醇溶剂后的得率)分别为16.06%和28.79%。成分分析结果表明,茎叶油中含有36种成分,其中单萜类物质12种;枝干油中含有24种成分,其中7种为单萜类物质;溶剂提取浸膏中有42种成分,含倍半萜类20种。此外,墨西哥柏木油中石竹烯、Α-毕橙茄醇、(+)-柠檬烯含量明显高于其他品种柏木油。The cedar oil can be extracted from the branches and leaves of cedar directly. However,due to the long growth period of cedar tree,the traditional extraction process will cause a serious shortage of cedar resources and seriously affect the development of the industry of cedar perfume. Mexican cypress（ Cupressus lusitanica）,also known as Lu cypress,is a species of tree containing rich essential oils in stems and leaves. The afforestation process of Mexican cypress can generate a lot of pruning leaves and branches. It will greatly enrich the sources of cedar oil feedstock if those raw materials were fully utilized. The essential oil was extracted from the branches and leaves of C. lusitanica by using steam distillation and solvent extraction method. The chemical composition of oil from the stem and branches was identified respectively with GC- MS. The results showed that the suitable conditions for steam distillation are as the following：leaves particle size at 1. 0 mm,extraction time of 4 h,dosage of penetrant Na Cl of 6%,material-solvent ratio of 1∶ 6.The yield of essential oil is 1. 17% under these conditions. The yields of extracts are 16. 06% and 28. 79% respectively when petroleum ether or ethanol is used as solvent in the extraction of oil（ the extract yield is calculated by the removal of petroleum ether and ethanol）. The optimal solvent extraction temperature is 80 ℃ with solid-liquid ratio of 1∶ 16 when use ethanol as solvent. Component analysis showed that the oil from leaf contains 36 kinds of composition,which include12 kinds of monoterpenes; the oil from branches contains 24 kinds of composition,which include 7 kinds of monoterpenes; solvent extraction contains 42 kinds of composition,which include 20 kinds of sesquiterpenoids. In addition,the content of caryophyllene,A-cadinlol and（ ＋）-limonene of C. lusitanica oil are higher than those of other types of cedar oil.

关 键 词：墨西哥柏 茎叶油 枝干油 提取 萜类 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程]