玉米秸秆棒状燃料热解过程和产物特征研究  

Pyrolysis Process of Corn Stalk Briquettes and Characteristics of Products

作　　者：杨华[1,2,3,4,5] 黄丽[2,3,4,5] 刘石彩[1,2,3,4,5] 许伟[2,3,4,5] 孙云娟[1,2,3,4,5] 侯敏[2,3,4,5] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业新技术研究所,北京100091 [2]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 [3]生物质化学利用国家工程实验室 [4]国家林业局林产化学工程重点开放性实验室 [5]江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室,江苏南京210042

出　　处：《生物质化学工程》2016年第3期13-20,共8页Biomass Chemical Engineering

基　　金：中国林科院林业新技术所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFINT2014K04);“十二五”国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2012BAD30B03)

摘　　要：以玉米秸秆棒状燃料为原料,在固定床反应器上探究热解温度对玉米秸秆棒状燃料热解过程和热解产品性质的影响。研究发现,随着热解温度的升高,热解气体产量增加,固体炭产量逐渐减少,生物油产量先增后减在450℃时达到最大值35.61%。对固体炭进行工业分析,发现其灰分含量较高;FT-IR分析表明:玉米秸秆棒状燃料的热解反应主要发生在650℃之前;SEM图显示断截面表现为蜂窝状的孔结构。生物油的GC-MS分析表明:在250~750℃下生物油的组成主要是呋喃、酮、醛和酚类等含氧化合物,其中酚类和呋喃类化合物是含量最多的物质;而在850~950℃下以多环芳烃类化合物为主。热解气的主要组成是CO_2、CO、CH_4和H_2,同时有少量的C_2H_n化合物,在250~450℃范围内,气体的主要组成是CO和CO_2,随着温度升高,CO、H_2、CH_4和C_2Hn逐渐增加,热解气的热值逐渐增加,在650℃下气体产品的热值已达到13.05 MJ/m^3,当温度大于650℃后,热值增加速率变慢。The pyrolysis of corn stalk briquette in a fixed bed was investigated. The influences of pyrolysis temperature on the pyrolysis process and the properties of products（ solid charcoal,bio-oil and gaseous product） were studied,too. The research found that with the increase of the pyrolysis temperature,the yield of solid charcoal decreased,and the production of gaseous product increased. The bio-oil yield firstly increased and then decreased with the maximum of 35. 61 % at 450 ℃. The proximate,FT-IR and SEM analyses of solid charcoal showed that the charcoal had high ash content,the pyrolysis reaction of corn stalk briquette occuried mainly before 650 ℃ and the pore structure was honeycomb on the broken section. The GC-MS analyses of biooil showed that at low temperature（ 250-750 ℃）,the organic compounds identified from pyrolysis bio-oil mainly included many oxygenated compounds such as aldehydes,ketones,furans and phenols; the phenolic compounds and furans were most abundant compounds. Nevertheless,the major compounds in the pyrolysis bio-oil obtained at higher temperatures（ 850-950 ℃） were polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（ PAHS）. The main compositions of gaseous product were CO_2,CO,H_2,CH_4 and a spot of C_2H_n. In the temperature of 250-450 ℃,the high proportion in gaseous were CO and CO_2. With the increase of temperature,the productions of CO,H_2,CH_4 and C_2H_n increased,then the calorific value of gaseous product increased. At 650 ℃,the calorific value of the pyrolysis gas had reached 13. 05 MJ / m^3 and the rate of increasing slowed down when temperature exceed 650℃.

关 键 词：玉米秸秆 棒状燃料 热解 产物特性 生物油 

分 类 号：TQ511[化学工程]