闽江下游全新世孢粉记录的植被与环境变化  

Vegetation and Environmental Changes Inferred from a Holocene Pollen Spectrum in the Lower Reaches of Min River

作　　者：乐远福[1] 郑卓[2] Barry V ROLETT 黄博津[4] 黄康有[2] Rachid CHEDDADI 

机构地区：[1]广西大学海洋学院//珊瑚礁研究中心,南宁530004 [2]中山大学地球科学与地质工程学院,广州510275 [3]Department of Anthropology,University of Hawaii,Honolulu,USA [4]汕头大学教务处,广东汕头515021 [5]Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier,Universite de Montpellier,34095 Montpellier,France

出　　处：《热带地理》2016年第3期417-426,共10页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41230101、41072128)

摘　　要：为了揭示闽江下游闽侯盆地第四纪沉积环境演变与人类活动历史,对闽江下游闽侯盆地庄边山遗址附近的FZ5钻孔进行了孢粉、硅藻分析。结果表明:闽侯盆地全新世海侵初始发生时间约为9 000 cal.a B.P.,至7 500cal.a B.P.达到最大海侵范围,晚全新世海退的发生时间在闽侯盆地大约为1 900 cal.a B.P.。孢粉分析证实了当地早中全新世温暖的亚热带气候以及浓密的常绿阔叶林植被。在7 500―1 900 cal.a B.P.之间无论植被覆盖还是气候环境均比较稳定,高海平面时期的适宜气候以及海湾环境也有利于当地以渔猎经济方式为主的新石器文化(昙石山文化)的兴起和发展。自1 900 cal.a B.P.以后,孢粉组合突变为以先锋植物芒萁属(Dicranopteris)、禾本科(Poaceae)、松属(Pinus)等类型为主,揭示了当地植被受到人类农业刀耕火种的影响而发生显著变化。高含量的禾本科花粉(含一定数量的水稻)仅在剖面上部明显增加这一事实,证实了闽侯和福州一带水稻种植的大面积发展始于距今1 900 a前后。In order to reveal the Quaternary environment changes and human impact in Minhou area of the lower reaches of the Min River, Fujian Province, pollen and diatom analysis were carried out from the core FZ5 near Zhuangbianshan Neolithic site. The present result indicated that the Holocene marine transgression in Minhou began at about 9 000 cal. a B.P., and reached its maximum level at 7 500 cal. a B.P. Major marine regression occurred at about 1 900 cal. a B.P. Pollen analyses confirmed a dense evergreen broad-leaved forest during early and middle Holocene, indicating warm and humid climate condition. The optimal climate was relatively stable during the period between 7 500 and 1 900 cal. a B.P. The warm climate and local marine estuary environment were in favor of the development of the Neolithic culture（e.g. Tanshishan Culture） which was characterized with fishing and hunting economic lifestyles. Since 1 900 cal. a B.P., the pollen assemblages were mainly dominated by pioneer plants such as Dicranopteris, Poaceae and Pinus, suggesting a substantial change of the local vegetation. This forest alternation may be resulted from rapid development of human agriculture. High content of Poaceae pollen（including rice pollen type） was only found in the upper part of the profile, that confirmed the onset of large-scale development of rice cultivation at about 1 900 cal. a B.P.

关 键 词：闽江下游 闽侯盆地 孢粉 环境演变 人类活动 昙石山文化 

分 类 号：P532[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]