柴油机缸套活塞环粗糙度对机油消耗的影响研究  

Research on Impact of Roughness of Cylinder Liner and Piston Ring on Lubricating Oil Consumption of Diesel Engine

作　　者：尹必峰[1] 汪博文 钱晏强[1] 孙韶[1] 吴立来 宋建华 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,镇江212013 [2]南京飞燕活塞环股份有限公司,南京211200

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2016年第3期94-100,共7页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51375213);江苏省科技支撑项目(BE2013805);国家重大科技成果转化项目(2060403);江苏省优势学科资助计划(PAPD)

摘　　要：以某车用柴油机缸套及第一道活塞环作为研究对象,利用Ringpak软件研究其摩擦副表面粗糙度参数对发动机机油消耗的影响规律。研究结果表明：首道活塞环密封外圆面的粗糙度对机油消耗的影响体现在环在缸套表面的刮油、布油特性。随着活塞环粗糙度增加,当表面轮廓均方根偏差Rq≤0.4μm时,环的刮油作用减弱,机油消耗呈现略微减小趋势;而当粗糙度进一步增加,环的布油作用增强,机油消耗则会随之明显上升。对于采用平台珩磨型式的气缸套,缸套表面简化后的沟槽形貌特性参数对机油在其表面的流动和分布特性有重要的影响,并进而改变机油通过第一道环进入燃烧室和在缸套表面蒸发消耗的机油消耗总量。随着沟槽深度的增加,在深度≤2μm时,机油消耗呈小幅度增加特征,当深度在2~6μm之间变化时,机油耗会随之减小,而当深度〉6μm时,机油耗则呈显著增加的趋势。随着沟槽宽度的增加,机油消耗变化呈现先减小后增加的规律,宽度为25μm时机油耗最小。随着沟槽与缸套周向的夹角减小,机油在缸套沟槽内的的流动性能变差,机油蒸发量大幅增加,机油消耗量随之增加。随着缸套表面沟槽密度的增加,机油消耗为先减小后增加的特性,当密度约为每米1 700条时,机油耗最小。Based on the Ringpak software, the effect of the roughness of cylinder liner and first piston ring on the lubricating oil consumption was studied on a vehicle diesel engine. The experimental results indicate that the roughness of first piston ring＇s outer circle surface has a significant influence on the characteristics of oil scraping and distributing of piston ring on cylinder liner. With the increase of ring roughness, the scraping function of piston ring will recede with a Rn （foot mean square deviation of surface profile） of less than 0.4μm, which leads to slightly reduced oil consumption. When the ring roughness increases continually, the oil distributing behavior of piston ring will enhance, resulting in an obvious rise of oil consumption. As to the cylinder liner in the form of platform honing, the simplified groove parameters have a deep influence on the characteristics of oil flowing and distributing, which changes the total amount of oil consumption, including the evaporated oil on the liner wall and burned oil in the combustion chamber through the first ring. With the increase of groove depth, the oil consumption will increase a little which groove depth of less than 2μm, while the oil consumption will decrease with groove depth from 2μm to 6μm, and then increase obviously with groove depth of more than 6 μm. When groove width increases, the oil consumption will decrease first, and then increase, resulting in a lowest value with groove width of 25μm. When the circumferential angle between groove and liner decreases, the oil flowing property in groove will deteriorate, resulting in increased oil evaporating capacity, which contributes to the increase of oil consumption. With the increase of groove number, the oil consumption will increase first then decrease. The oil consumption has a minimal value when the number of grooves is 1 700 per meter.

关 键 词：内燃机 柴油机 缸套 活塞环 粗糙度 机油消耗 

分 类 号：TK421[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]