影响山坡土壤入渗速率及路径的染色示踪研究  

Research on Hillside Soil Infiltration Rate and Pathway Based on Dye Tracer Experiment

作　　者：刘金涛[1,2] 张文平[1] 宋慧卿[1] 韩小乐[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源学院,南京210098 [2]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,南京210098

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2016年第5期77-80,共4页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41271040);国家重点实验室自主科研项目(20145028012)

摘　　要：以姜湾流域和睦桥实验站为例,利用入渗及染色示踪实验,开展了山坡土壤水分运动路径及运动过程的研究。研究结果表明:在湿润山丘区,土壤中由根系、虫洞及砾石造成的快速流的通道广泛存在,土壤渗透性良好,远大于常规的降雨强度,从田间证明了其产流以蓄满产流方式为主。此外,染色示踪实验的结果显示,山坡表层(本区域<70cm,即未达基岩不透水层深度)土壤入渗以垂向运动为主,少量侧向流主要由土壤大孔隙引发。In this study,soil water infiltration pathway is studied by using single ring infiltration parameter and dye tracer experiment.The experiment is implemented at an experimental station,the Hemuqiao Station located in the Jangwan catchment in Taihu Basin.Research results show that preferential flow caused by the roots,wormholes and gravel channels exist widely in the soil at the humid hilly area of Hemuqiao Station.Soil permeability is good and infiltration rate is more than the regular rainfall intensity.That is to say,runoff will not occur until soil is saturated,i.e.,saturated infiltration will prevail during the whole processes of runoff generation.In addition,the results of the dye tracer experiments also show that most of the soil water is vertical movement in the surface area of the hillside（〈70cm,less than the depth of the impervious layer）and a small amount of lateral flow is mainly caused by soil macropores.

关 键 词：山坡 入渗路径 染色示踪 土壤水 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源] P332[天文地球—水文科学]