天津市11家养老院老年人心理健康状况影响因素分析与对策研究  

Analysis and Countermeasure Research on the Influencing Factors of Mental Health Status among the Elderly at 11 Nursing Homes in Tianjin

作　　者：王丽华[1] 段力萨[2] 刘阳[3] 冯建华[4] 张文革 韩晨光[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学研究生院,天津300073 [2]武警后勤学院附属医院,天津300162 [3]天津市委办公厅,天津300046 [4]天津市民政局事业处,天津300200 [5]天津市龙福宫老年产业连锁机构,天津300204

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2016年第3期408-412,共5页Chinese Medical Ethics

基　　金：天津市医院协会基金项目(编号:2014005)

摘　　要：目的分析天津市11家养老院老年人心理健康状况的主要影响因素,并提出改善对策。方法采用自编的人口学统计问卷和症状自评量表(SCL-90),对天津市内各区11家养老院505名老年人开展问卷调查,采用χ2检验和二分类Logistic回归分析进行统计学处理。结果养老院性质、性别、入住年限可能是影响养老院老年人心理健康状况的主要因素;进一步研究表明,民办养老院老年人心理健康状况的阳性结果检出率显著高于公办养老院(P<0.01),老年女性的阳性结果检出率高于老年男性(P<0.05),入住年限不足1年的老年人其阳性结果检出率高于其他入住年限组(P<0.01),家人从不看望或联系的老年人(非遗弃)其阳性结果检出率高于其他的家人看望频次组(P<0.05)。结论应通过积极推行"医养结合"养老服务模式,设置心理咨询室,组织各类文娱活动,采取多种方式增加老年人与家人的交流频次等举措,改善民办养老院老年人的心理健康状况。Objective ：To analyze the main factors influencing the mental health of the elderly at 11 nursing homes in Tianjin, and put forward the improving measures. Methods： The sample was 505 elderly from 11 nursing homes in Tianjin, and the data was collected by self - designed demographic questionnaire and symptom checklist -90 （SCL- 90）. Chi -square test and binary logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results： The nature of nursing home, gender and the length of stay in nursing homes were the main factors affecting the mental health of the elderly. Further investigation indicated that the positive detective rate of elderly in private nursing homes was higher than those in public nursing homes （P 〈 0.01 ）. The women were higher than men in positive de- tective rate （P 〈 0.05 ）. The elderly who lived in nursing homes less than 1 year were higher than other groups in positive detective rate （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The elderly whose families never visit or contact them （not abandoned） were higher than other groups in the positive detective rate （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion ：We are supposed to promote pen- sion service mode that combined medicine and pension services, establish psychological counseling rooms, organize various forms of entertainment activities, increase communication frequency of the elderly and their relatives in vari- ous methods, so as to develop the mental health of elderly living in private nursing home.

关 键 词：养老院 老年人 心理健康 影响因素 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]