水力喷砂射孔技术在煤层气开发中的应用  

Application of hydraulic sand jetting perforation to coalbed methane development

作　　者：袁玉[1] 赵金 曹立虎[3] 胡亚斐[4] 任勇[5] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)石油工程学院,北京102249 [2]中国石油钻井院江汉机械研究所,湖北荆州434000 [3]中国石油塔里木油田分公司油气工程研究院,新疆库尔勒841000 [4]中国石油勘探开发研究院油气田开发研究所,北京100083 [5]长庆油田公司油气工艺研究院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2016年第5期68-73,共6页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项基金资助项目(2016ZX05066)

摘　　要：针对煤层气井水力喷砂射孔过程中出现的喷嘴堵塞、喷嘴反溅严重、寿命低、无法形成有效射孔孔眼的问题,研究了不同孔径喷射器水力参数的影响因素。通过对喷嘴水力参数和结构的优化,设计了新型的喷射器,并改进了现有水力喷砂射孔工具组合。结果表明:在规格4(个)×6 mm喷射器、排量1.4 m^3/min、砂比8%、泵压50 MPa的条件下,15 min内可以将井下5.5英寸(140 mm)厚的套管射穿;所优化的喷嘴和工具组合解决了以往施工过程存在的喷射器喷嘴堵塞、抗反溅能力差以及以往水力喷砂射孔孔眼验证问题,实现了喷砂射孔环空压裂的一体化,缩短了煤层改造的时间。According to the nozzle jammed,nozzle with serious sputtering,low service life,hard to form effective perforation problem occurred in the hydraulic sand jet perforation process of the coalbed methane well,the paper had a study on the factors affected to the hydraulic parameters of different hole size injector.With the optimization on the hydraulic parameters and structure of the nozzle,a new injector was designed and the tools combination of the available hydraulic sand perforation was improved. The study results showed that under the conditions of a 4×6 mm injector,discharge of 1.4 m^3/min,sand ratio of 8% and pump pressure of 50 MPa,a casing with a thickness of 5.5 inches（ 140 mm） could be perforated within 15 minutes.The optimized nozzle and tools combination could solve the problems of the nozzle jammed,poor anti sputtering and the pore verification of previous hydraulic sand jet perforation.The tools combination optimized could realize the integration of the sand jet perforation and round space fracturing and could reduce the time of the seam reconstruction.

关 键 词：煤层气 水力喷砂射孔 射孔参数 压裂 喷射器 

分 类 号：TE121[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探] TD712[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]