口腔修复材料氧化锆生物陶瓷的制备方法及应用进展  

Preparation of zirconia bioceramics and its application in prosthodontics

作　　者：王强[1,2] 尹娇娇[3] 杨华哲[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学口腔医学院,辽宁省沈阳市110002 [2]辽宁省口腔医学研究所,辽宁省沈阳市110002 [3]中国医科大学公共基础学院,辽宁省沈阳市110122

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2016年第21期3178-3184,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81500897);国家留学基金(201408210385);辽宁省教育厅项目(L2013285);辽宁省科学技术计划项目(2014305012);沈阳市科技计划项目(F11-262-9-16)~~

摘　　要：背景:在众多口腔修复材料之中,氧化锆陶瓷具有高的强度、硬度和耐磨、耐腐蚀性等优良性能,然而远期临床观察中常出现基冠机械性能下降和饰瓷崩裂等稳定性问题,成为阻碍其进一步发展的瓶颈。目的:归纳总结口腔修复氧化锆生物陶瓷材料的制备方法及应用进展。方法:结合文献和课题组的研究,对氧化锆生物陶瓷的性质、晶体结构、制备方法及其在口腔修复领域应用的进展进行论述,指出影响其稳定性问题的原因,并对其发展方向做出预测。结果与结论:氧化锆陶瓷的研制包括粉体合成、素坯成型、陶瓷烧结等几个方面。针对氧化锆基全瓷冠修复体的不稳定等问题,不仅需要从工艺上对氧化锆基粉体的制备进行优化,提高原料纯度、机械性能、生物性能和稳定性,而且需从晶体学角度研究晶体成核、生长、第二相及晶粒尺寸对晶体结构稳定性及基冠生物力学性能的影响,以及基冠与饰瓷晶格匹配对界面的影响等问题进行深入理论分析。BACKGROUND： Zirconia is considered to be one of the promising prosthodontics materials because of its high strength, high hardness, excellent wear resistance and excellent corrosion resistance. However, the development of zirconia is hindered owing to the uncertainty in long-term stability of zirconia all-ceramic crowns such as the cracking（chipping） of veneering porcelain and deterioration of mechanical properties of zirconia dental crowns under intraoral conditions. OBJECTIVE： To summarize the preparation of zirconia bioceramic and its application progress in the field of prosthodontics. METHODS： The properties, crystal structure, preparation and use of zirconia in prosthodontics were reviewed. Reasons that affected the stability of zirconia were also discussed. The future development of zirconia was forecasted. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Preparation of zirconia bioceramics involves the following aspects： powder synthesis, biscuit molding, and ceramic sintering. To improve the istability of zirconia all-ceramic crowns, we optimize the preparation of zirconia powder to promote the purity, mechanical properties, biological properties and stability. Furthermore, it is necessary to explore the effects of crystal nucleation, growth, second phase and grain size on crystal stability and biomechanical properties of the tooth abutment, as well as to conduct an in-depth theoretical analysis on the effect of tooth abutment and lattice matching of porcelain crowns on the interface.

关 键 词：牙瓷料 牙修复体 组织工程 生物材料 口腔生物材料 生物陶瓷 氧化锆 口腔修复学 国家自然科学基金 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]