库克群岛海域海洋环境因子对黄鳍金枪鱼渔获率的影响  

Effects of environmental variables on catch rates of yellowfin tuna(Thunnus albacrares) in waters near Cook Islands

作　　者：宋利明[1,2,3,4] 沈智宾 周建坤[1] 李冬静[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [4]远洋渔业协同创新中心,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2016年第3期454-464,共11页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2012AA092302);农业部远洋渔业探捕项目(D8006128005;D8006138016);上海市教育委员会科研创新项目(12ZZ168);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金联合(20113104110004)

摘　　要：为了提高延绳钓渔业中黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacrares)的渔获率并减少其他非目标种类的兼捕率,根据2013年9月8日至12月31日在库克群岛海域(9°S^19°S,157°W^168°W)延绳钓渔业调查数据,包括钓钩深度、温度、叶绿素a浓度、三维海流、作业参数、渔获统计等数据,利用DPS软件采用多元线性逐步回归的方法建立钓钩拟合深度计算模型,采用统计和谱系聚类的方法分析黄鳍金枪鱼渔获率与海洋环境因子的关系。结果表明:库克群岛海域黄鳍金枪鱼渔获率较高的水层、温度、叶绿素a浓度以及东西方向、南北方向、垂直方向、水平方向的海流流速分别为120~160 m、21~22℃、0.32~0.36μg/L和0.40~0.44μg/L、-0.20^-0.10 m/s和0~0.20 m/s、-0.10~0.20 m/s、-0.10~0.06 m/s和0.02~0.06 m/s、0.20~0.30m/s。建议在该海域作业并以黄鳍金枪鱼为目标鱼种时,在渔获率较高的水层、温度、叶绿素a浓度和海流范围内可增加钓钩投放数量。To better understand the effects of environmental variables on catch rate of yellowfin tuna（ Thunnus albacrares） is beneficial to increasing the yellowfin tuna catch rate and reducing the bycatch rates of other non-target species in the longline fisheries. In this study,the catch rate of yellowfin tuna and environmental variables were collected from longlining surveys in waters near Cook Islands from Sep. 8th,2013 through Dec.31 th,2013, including hook depth data, temperature, chlorophyll-a concentration, current, operating parameters,and catch data. Stepwise regression of DPS was used to develop the hook depth calculation model. Statistics and clustering analysis were used to analyze the effects of environmental variables on yellowfin tuna catch rate. Results showed that the depth,temperature,chlorophyll-a concentration,east-west direction current,south-north direction current,vertical and horizontal direction current related with the high catch rate of yellowfin tuna were 120- 160 m,21- 22 ℃,0. 32- 0. 36 μg/L and 0. 40- 0. 44 μg/L,- 0. 20- 0. 10 and 0. 00- 0. 20 m/s,- 0. 10- 0. 20 m/s,- 0. 10- 0. 06 m/s and 0. 02- 0. 06 m/s,0. 20- 0. 30 m/s,respectively. Results suggest that the hook numbers should be increased in ranges of the water depth,temperature,chlorophyll-a concentration,and current related with the high yellowfin tuna catch rate when fishing in the waters near Cook Islands and targeting yellowfin tuna.

关 键 词：黄鳍金枪鱼 环境因子 渔获率 延绳钓 库克群岛 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]