基于SWAT模型的莲塘口流域农业面源污染模拟  

Simulation and application of agricultural non-point source pollution in Liantangkou watershed based on SWAT model

作　　者：杨宝林[1] 崔远来[1] 赵树君[1] 吕成长 陈苏春 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]浙江省永康市农村水利管理站,浙江永康321300

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（工学版）》2016年第3期359-364,371,共7页Engineering Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：水利部公益性行业专项经费项目(编号:201301012);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(编号:20130141110014)

摘　　要：以浙江省金华市莲塘口流域为研究区,基于SWAT模型建立适用于该流域的面源污染分布式模型,模拟分析了研究区不同土地利用方式以及不同施肥制度下氮磷负荷的排放,识别关键污染源的贡献,为该区域面源污染控制和综合治理提供科学依据.结果表明:研究区单位面积总氮、总磷排放负荷较大的土地类型分别为住宅用地、水稻田,但总氮、总磷排放负荷总量最大的土地类型均为水稻田;种植施肥、农村生活和畜禽养殖排放产生的总氮、总磷负荷分别占流域总量的71.1%和50.2%,其中,由于种植施肥排放的总氮、总磷分别占流域总氮、总磷排放总量的55.4%和48.1%;减少水稻田的施肥量可以有效降低农田氮磷污染负荷的排放量,但增加施肥次数无显著减排效果.SWAT model is used to simulate none-point source pollution in Liantangkou watershed of Jinhua city in Zhejiang province; the nitrogen and phosphorus loads under different land uses and different fertili- zation management measures scenarios are analyzed; and then the key pollution sources are identified, so as to provide scientific basis for the control of non-point source pollution. The results show： for total ni- trogen（TN） and total phosphorus（TP） per unit area, residents and paddy field are the two biggest land use types; and paddy field has the biggest total emission. For total pollutant emission of the study area, 71.1% of TN and 50.2% of TP emission are from agriculture that includes planting fertilization, rural livelihood and livestock; the 55.4% of TN and 48.1% of TP emissions are from planting fertilization. Reducing paddy field fertilization can effectively reduce the emissions of farmland nitrogen and phosphorus pollution load; but there is no significant reduction of emission by increasing times of fertilization.

关 键 词：面源污染 模型 水稻田 总氮 总磷 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S271[农业科学—农业水土工程]