不同保墒耕作与播种方式对旱地小麦农艺性状及产量的影响  

Effect of Different Tillage Conseving Soil Mositure and Sowing Methods on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Dryland Wheat

作　　者：赵红梅[1] 杨艳君[1] 李洪燕[1] 张谨华[1] 高志强[2] 

机构地区：[1]晋中学院,山西榆次030600 [2]山西农业大学,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2016年第5期74-78,共5页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项经费(CARS-03-01-24);公益性行业科研专项经费(200903007-10);国家自然科学基金项目(31101112);山西省回国留学人员科研项目(2009037);山西省青年基金项目(2010021028-3);山西省科技攻关资助项目(20110311001-4)

摘　　要：采用大田试验,研究了不同休闲期耕作方式(深翻、深松)与生育期播种方式(条播、沟播、膜际条播)对旱地小麦株高、成熟期节间长度、干物质积累、产量指标的影响。结果表明,休闲期深松配套膜际条播方式较其他耕种组合方式可显著增加产量,最高可增产15.6%,显著增加拔节期植株高度、成熟期穗下节长度,显著降低倒五节长度,可显著增加各生育期干物质量,提高花后干物质积累量和对籽粒的贡献率。株高与产量及其构成因素均呈负相关;穗下节长度与穗数、产量呈显著正相关;株高构成指数与产量及其构成因素呈正相关,且与穗数呈极显著正相关;穗下节间构成指数与产量呈显著正相关。旱地麦区,丰水年采用深松配套膜际条播方式是获得小麦高产的最佳栽培方式。Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of different tillage mode（deep tillage and subsoiling mode）and three sowing method（drilling sowing（DS）,furrowing sowing（FS）and film mulch（FM））on agronomic traits and yield of dryland wheat.The results showed that,compared with other treatments,combination of subsoiling in fallow and FM could significantly increase the yield,the height in elongation stage and length of upermost internode in maturity,decrease the length of fifth inernode,increase dry matter of each stage,dry matter accumulation amount after anthesis and contribution rate of dry matter accumulation amount to grain.The correlation was negative between the plant height and spike number,grain number,1000-grain weight,yield.The relation was greatly closed between uppermost internode and spike number,yield.The correlation was positive between ILand spike number,grain number,1000-grain weight and yield.The correlation between I_1 and yield was significantly positive.FM coordinated with subsoiling method is the best method to obtain high yield for dryland wheat.

关 键 词：耕作方式 播种方式 产量 株高 干物质量 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]