从《基本法》规范看中央与香港的权力关系  

The Power Relations between the Central State and the HKSAR in Context of HK Basic Law Provisions

作　　者：马岭[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国青年政治学院法学院,北京100089

出　　处：《哈尔滨工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第3期31-41,共11页Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：《香港特别行政区基本法》(简称《基本法》)关于中央和香港关系的规定主要在其第二章的12个条文以及其他章节的相关条文中,其中第12条为带有指导性的原则条款。中央与香港的关系大致可分为纵向关系(如全国人大常委会与香港立法会、国务院与行政长官及其政府)和斜向关系(如全国人大常委会与香港法院、全国人大常委会与行政长官、国务院与香港立法会、国务院与香港法院)。《基本法》第158条规定了中央与香港在释法上的分权,全国人大常委会的解释可以是主动解释也可以是被动解释,但都应是抽象解释,且限制在"关于中央人民政府管理的事务或中央和香港特别行政区关系的条款"两方面;香港法院的解释也有行使时间和解释范围两方面的限制;提请解释权赋予了香港法院,即排除其他机关享有此项权力。The relations between the Central State and HKSAR are mostly regulated by the 12 sections in Chapter 2 of HK Basic Law,and relevant sections in other chapters. Section 12 established a directive principle. The relation between the two consists of vertical relations between the Standing Committee of National People＇s Congress and the Legislative Council of HK,that between the State Council and the Chief Executive and the Government of HK and so on,and oblique relations between the Standing Committee of National People＇s Congress and the HK courts or the Chief Executive,that between State Council and the Legislative Council or the courts of HK and so on. Section 158 provided the distribution of interpreting powers between the Central State and the HKSAR. The Standing Committee might interpret the basic law either actively or passively. All the interpretations should be abstract and limited to sections that are concerning affairs which are the responsibility of the Central People＇s Government,or concerning the relationship between the Central Authorities and the Region. The interpretations of HK court are subjected to time and scope limitations. The power to trigger an interpretation is vested into HK Courts and other organs are denied such a power.

关 键 词：《香港特别行政区基本法》 中央与香港的关系 一国两制 立法解释 司法解释 

分 类 号：D921.9[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]