宗教极端主义思想根源与“去极端化”领域国际合作  

The Ideological Roots of Religious Extremism and the International Cooperation on Anti-Extremism

作　　者：马丽蓉[1] 李景然[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学丝路战略研究所,上海200083 [2]上海外国语大学中东研究所博士生,上海200083

出　　处：《西亚非洲》2016年第3期18-40,共23页West Asia and Africa

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(11BGJ033);教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目(10JJDGJW021);国家社科基金重大委托项目子课题(14@ZH028);2015年度上海外国语大学校级重大科研项目(2015114008);上海市重点学科(B702);上海外国语大学“211工程”建设项目;上海市一流学科政治学成果之一

摘　　要：伊斯兰教是主张和平、谨守"中道"的宗教,而宗教极端主义是伊斯兰发展的"毒瘤",是被异化的伊斯兰教。"九·一一"事件后,伊斯兰极端主义沉渣泛起,主要表现为:伊斯兰教义被歪曲,部分民间伊斯兰复兴运动被引向极端主义泥潭;伊斯兰"圣战"思想被误读,伊斯兰复兴思潮滑向政治化、极端化;"基地"、"伊斯兰国"等恐怖组织发展壮大,将伊斯兰极端主义引向全球。造成上述情况的原因复杂且影响深远,其中宗教极端主义窃取解经话语权后形成的宗教极端主义话语牢笼,成为宗教极端化的深层动因,更成为"去极端化"的重要突破口。在全球反恐新形势下,中国以其特有的方式积极应对,力争在协调三大国际反恐联盟的努力中发挥切实的"建设性作用"。在中国与中东国家"去极端化"领域合作中,可通过凝聚反恐共识、深化解经工作、完善宗教对话机制、发挥爱国宗教领袖的独特作用等举措,最终达到有效防范与打击宗教极端主义的目标。Islam is a religion standing for peace, while religious extremism is regarded as alienated Islam. After the 9/11 incident, the resurgence of Islamic extremism mainly includes： first, the distortion of Islam, which led the Islamic revival movement to Islamic extremism; second, the misunderstanding of Islamic ＂jihad＂, which made the Islamic revivalism thought slide to politicization and radicalization; third, the rapid expansion of terrorist organizations, such as ＂A1 - Qaeda＂ and ＂ Islamic State ＂, which made the Islamic extremism spread globally. The reasons for these consequences above are complex and far - reaching, one of the deepest motives is that religious extremists have stolen the exegetical discourse and shaped a cage of religious extremism discourse, meanwhile it＇ s also an important breakthrough in eradicating extremism. Facing the new situation of global anti -terrorism, China has responded actively in its unique way, striving for playing meaningful and constructive roles in coordinating the three international anti- terrorist coalitions. In order to effectively prevent and eradicate religious extremism, cooperation on anti -extremism between China and the Middle East countries may be promoted through shaping the anti - terrorism consensus, standardizing exegesis, improving inter - religion dialogue mechanism, and making the patriotic religious leaders play their unique roles.

关 键 词：宗教极端主义 “一带一路” 国际反恐合作 “去极端化” 

分 类 号：D815.5[政治法律—国际关系]