伊朗历届政府对库尔德人政策探析(1921-2006)  

An Analysis of Policies on Each Iranian Government Towards the Kurds from 1921 to 2006

作　　者：刘佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学历史文化学院,陕西西安710062

出　　处：《郑州航空工业管理学院学报（社会科学版）》2016年第3期10-13,共4页Journal of Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：历史上,库尔德人为实现民族区域自治的目标,一直与伊朗政府斗争,而政府则以一种较少通融的姿态来对待库尔德人。礼萨·汗时期采取了同化库尔德人的政策,带有鲜明的集权化特征。巴列维执政初期,库尔德人利用英苏造成的权力真空,于1946年建立了马哈巴德共和国。他真正掌权后,实行了"孤立"库尔德人的政策。1979年伊朗伊斯兰共和国成立,政府对库尔德人的政策以谈判为主,并兼有更加严厉的措施。21世纪以来政府对待库尔德人的手段更加多样化。纵观1921年至2006年,任何一届政府对待库尔德人都实行政治军事手段并行的措施。伴随着国际形势的不断变化,伊朗政府在处理库尔德人的问题上仍值得思忖。Throughout the history,in order to achieve the goal of regional national autonomy,the Kurds has always been struggling with the Iranian government,who takes a less accommodating attitude towards them. In 1921,Reza Khan took a policy of assimilating the Kurds,which had distinct features of centralization. In the early period of Mohammad Reza,the Kurds used the power vacuum which was made by Britain and the Soviet Union,to establish the Mahabad Republic in 1946.When he took the real power,he made a policy of isolation. After the Islamic Republic of Iran was founded in 1979,the government＇s policy towards the Kurds was given priority to negotiations,combining more tougher measures. From 1921 to 2006,each government has taken both political and military means towards the Kurds. The measures have become more diversity when entering the 21 st century. With the unceasing changes of international situation,the Iranian government＇s policy towards the Kurds deserves to be thought.

关 键 词：伊朗政府 库尔德人 礼萨·汗 穆罕默德·巴列维 伊朗伊斯兰国 

分 类 号：D737.3[政治法律—政治学]