不同品种苹果叶片对外源水杨酸的生理响应  

Physiological Response of Apple Leaves From Different Cultivars to Exogenous Salicylic Acid

作　　者：张颖[1] 李保华[1] 董向丽[1] 梁文星[1] 李桂舫[1] 王彩霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学农学与植物保护学院/山东省植物病虫害综合防控重点实验室,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《核农学报》2016年第5期1005-1012,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-28);青岛农业大学研究生创新计划项目(QYC201509);山东省"泰山学者"建设工程专项经费

摘　　要：为探究富士和嘎啦对外源水杨酸的生理响应机制,采用叶片喷雾法,测定外源水杨酸(SA)对苹果叶片中丙二醛(MDA)含量、防御酶活性及病程相关蛋白(PR)基因表达的影响。结果表明,0.2mmol·L^(-1)SA处理后,富士和嘎啦叶片中MDA含量变幅较小且均与对照无显著差异;SA处理显著提高了叶片中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)和苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性,富士和嘎啦叶片中各酶活性峰值分别是对照的1.31倍~2.06倍和1.16倍~3.13倍。SA诱导后苹果叶片中PR5和PR8的表达明显上调,富士于处理后第3天基因表达量达到高峰,而嘎啦于处理后第1天基因表达量最高。研究表明,外源SA可提高苹果叶片中防御酶活性并诱导PR基因上调表达,但富士和嘎啦中酶活性水平和持续时间及PR基因的应答反应存在差异。本研究为利用植物诱导抗病性防治苹果叶部病害提供了科学依据。This study aims to elucidate the physiological response of apple（ Malus domestica） cultivars Fuji and Gala to exogenous salicylic acid（ SA）. The effect of exogenous SA application on malondiadehyde（ MDA） contents,defensive enzymes activities and pathogenesis-related（ PR） gene expression were determined in Fuji and Gala leaves by spraying method. The results showed that 0. 2 mmol·L-（-1）SA treatment did not significantly affect the MDA contents in Fuji and Gala leaves when compared with the control. However,the activities of catalase（ CAT）,polyphenol oxidase（ PPO）,peroxidase（ POD） and phenylalanine ammonialyase（ PAL） were all significantly promoted in apple leaves after SA treatment. In Fuji and Gala leaves,the maximum activities of four defensive enzymes were 1. 31 to 2. 06 and 1. 16 to3. 13 times more than controls,respectively. In addition,the expression of PR5 and PR8 was significantly up-regulated in SA treated apple leaves. Gene expression was highest at three days post SA treatment in Fuji leaves,while reached the peaks at one day after treatment in Gala leaves. The results in this study indicated that exogenous SA could increase defensive enzymes activities and induce PR genes expression,whereas,the levels and maintaining times of defensive enzymes activities as well as responses of PR genes were different in Fuji and Gala leaves,which provides a theoretical basis for using plant induced resistance to control apple leaf diseases.

关 键 词：苹果 外源水杨酸 丙二醛 防御酶 病程相关蛋白基因 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]