个性化膳食指导和营养干预对妊娠结局及新生儿影响的研究  

Study on the effectiveness of individualized dietary guidance and nutrition intervention on pregnancy outcome and newborn

作　　者：倪霖[1] 林晖[1] 林颖 章丽燕 

机构地区：[1]福建省妇幼保健院,福州350001 [2]福州儿童医院,福建350001

出　　处：《海峡预防医学杂志》2016年第2期1-3,共3页Strait Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.81270722;No.81471480)

摘　　要：目的探讨个性化膳食指导和营养管理对妊娠结局及新生儿的影响。方法选取福建省妇幼保健院行产前检查的201例孕妇,随机分为干预组（104人）和对照组（97人）。对照组给予常规健康教育及产前检查;干预组在此基础上给予个性化膳食指导和营养管理。比较两组孕中、晚期能量及营养素摄入量,孕期增重、新生儿出生体重、分娩方式和孕期并发症。结果干预组孕妇孕中、晚期能量、蛋白质和脂肪摄入量低于对照组,钙的摄入量高于对照组;孕期增重（13.0±2.1）kg低于对照组的（19.1±3.5）kg;新生儿体重为3.0~3.5kg的占比（70.2%）高于对照组（45.4%）;干预组贫血和巨大儿发生率（9.6%和1.9%）低于对照组（24.7%和13.4%）,自然分娩率（76.0%）高于对照组（42.3%）。结论个性化膳食指导和营养管理能促使孕妇孕期膳食摄入接近合理,孕期增重较适宜,减少了巨大儿发生率,有利于孕妇以及新生儿健康。Objective To study the effectiveness of individualized dietary guidance and nutrition management on pregnancy outcome and newborn.Methods Totally 201 pregnant women with prenatal examination in our hospital were randomly divided into intervention group（n=104）and control group（n=97）.Routine health education and prenatal care were carried out in control group.And on the basis of the routine care,the individualized dietary guidance and nutrition management were carried out in intervention group.Energy and dietary intake,weight gain during pregnancy,birth weight and mode of delivery and pregnancy complications in middle and late pregnancy stage were compared in the two groups.Results The intakes of energy,protein,fat in middle and late pregnancy stage in intervention group were lower than those of control group,calcium intake was higher,maternal weight gain（13.02±2.10kg）was lower than that of control group（19.1±3.52kg）.The percentage of neonatal body with 3-3.5kg in intervention group（70.2%）was higher than that of control group（45.4%）.The rates of anemia and macrosomia in intervention group（9.6% and 1.9%）were lower than those of control group（24.7% and 13.4%）.Natural birth rate in intervention group（76.0%）was higher than that of control group（42.3%）.Conclusion Individualized dietary guidance and nutrition management can promote pregnant woman reasonable dietary intake,proper weight gain and the rate of macrosomia for maternal and neonatal health.

关 键 词：孕妇保健 个性化膳食指导 营养管理 妊娠结局 新生儿 

分 类 号：R715.3[医药卫生—妇产科学]