大理红塔植烟基地土壤养分状况分区评价  

Evaluation of Nutrients Availability of Tobacco-growing Soil in Hongta Bases of Dali City, Yunnan Province

作　　者：黄俊杰[1] 杨志娟[2] 李世琛[1] 杨艳 徐发华[2] 王洪云 赵正雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学,云南昆明650051 [2]大理州烟草公司,云南大理671000 [3]红塔集团大理卷烟厂,云南大理671000

出　　处：《土壤通报》2016年第2期384-390,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：云南中烟工业公司科技计划项目资助

摘　　要：为了准确评价大理州主要植烟土壤养分现状,对该州9个红塔基地县(市)土壤pH值、有机质、水解氮、有效磷、速效钾、交换性钙、交换性镁、有效硫、有效硼、水溶性氯共10个指标进行调查和分析。结果表明:各烟区土壤pH、水解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量适宜,有机质含量丰富,交换性镁、水溶性氯含量偏高,而交换性钙、有效硫含量远高于生长适宜范围上限,同时有效硼含量普遍不足;除土壤有效硼外,其余养分指标均存在不同程度的空间变异,其中土壤交换性钙(91.2%)、交换性镁(81.5%)、有效硫(86.8%)含量变异系数均大于80%;以云南省植烟土壤养分含量适宜标准分析,全州9个县(市)大部分地区均应控制钙、镁、硫养分的施用,加大硼肥的投入;同时,弥渡、漾濞、南涧和云龙四县则有部分土壤应控制钾肥施用;除漾濞县外,其余县(市)土壤水溶性氯含量均偏高,应适当减少含氯肥料的投入,忌施人粪尿,以确保植烟土壤养分含量的协调性。Soil organic matter content, p H value and availability of nitrogen（N）, phosphorus（P）, potassium（K）,calcium（Ca）, magnesium（Mg）, sulphur（S）, boron（B） and chlorine（Cl） were determined in the tobacco-growing soil sampled from Hongta bases in Dali City in order to improve soil fertility and nutrient management. The results showed that the mean value of p H and available N, P and K were in the average level, while the contents of soil organic matter and available Mg and Cl were in a higher level. The contents of available Ca and S were even higher than the upper limit of desirable range. Great spatial difference was found for most nutrients except B in the soil, with variation degree exceeding 80% for available Ca, Mg and S. Based on the analysis of nutrient content in tobacco-growing soil in Yunnan Province, Ca, Mg and S fertilizers should be controlled carefully, but more B fertilizer should be encouraged to apply. A lower rate of K fertilizer was recommended in most soil in Midu, Yangbi, Nanjian and Yunlong County.Meanwhile Cl fertilizer should be applied with reduced amount in most counties except in Yangbi County.

关 键 词：大理州 植烟土壤 土壤养分 分区评价 

分 类 号：S158.2[农业科学—土壤学]