高通量测序检测肺炎婴幼儿抗生素治疗前后肠道菌群变化  

High-throughput sequencing reveals the change of gut microbiota in infants with pneumonia following antibiotic treatment

作　　者：黄文献[1] 王和平[1] 王玉蕾[1] 戴文魁[1] 郑跃杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市儿童医院呼吸内科,广东深圳518026

出　　处：《中国微生态学杂志》2016年第5期497-500,共4页Chinese Journal of Microecology

基　　金：深圳市科技计划项目(医疗卫生类)(201303068)

摘　　要：目的了解抗生素对肺炎婴幼儿肠道菌群多样性和结构的影响。方法选取5例1岁以内因轻度社区获得性肺炎住院的患儿,收集抗生素治疗前及治疗后第3～5天的粪便标本。利用Illumina MiSeq测序平台,对细菌的16SrRNA基因V3～V4区进行高通量测序,并对测序结果进行生物信息学分析。结果抗生素治疗后第3～5天婴幼儿肠道菌群的多样性明显下降。变形菌门的相对丰度在3例婴幼儿的肠道中下降;厚壁菌门的相对丰度在4例婴幼儿的肠道中下降;而拟杆菌门的相对丰度在4例婴幼儿的肠道中上升;厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门的比例下降。肠道内不动杆菌属、喜胆汁菌属、埃格特菌属、肠球菌属、支原体、颤螺菌属、紫单胞菌属、普雷沃菌属和真杆菌属增长1倍以上;奇异菌属、双歧杆菌属、黄杆菌属、乳酸菌属、链球菌属、萨特菌属和韦荣球菌下降超过50%。结论婴幼儿短期使用抗生素治疗肺炎后,肠道菌群的多样性下降,肠道微生态失衡。Objective To study the impact of antibiotic administration on the diversity and structure of gut microbiota in infants with pneumonia.Methods Stool specimens of 5infants with mild community acquired pneumonia before and three to five days after antibiotic treatment were collected.The sequences of regions V3-V4 of bacterial 16 SrRNA gene were generated with high-throughput sequencing on Illumina MiSeq sequencing platform.Results The diversity of gut microbiota was significantly decreased after antibiotic treatment in three to five days.The relative abundance of Proteobacteriaand Firmicutes decreased,but that of Bacteroidetes increased.The ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes（F/B）decreased in most of patients.The relative abundances of Acinetobacter,Bilophila,Clostridium,Eggerthella,Enterococcus,Mycoplasma,Oscillospira,Parabacteroides,Prevotella and Eubacterium were increased,but the levels of Atopobium,Bifidobacterium,Dorea,Flavobacterium,Fusobacterium,Lactobacillus,Streptococcus,Sutterella and Veillonella were decreased by 50%.Conclusion Short-term antibiotic exposure in infants with pneumonia results in significant decrease in microbial diversity and dysbiosis of gut microbiota.

关 键 词：肠道菌群 婴幼儿肺炎 抗生素 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]