不同类型钾肥对甘薯生长发育及产质量的影响  

Effects of Different Potassium Fertilizer on Growing Development,Yield and Quality of Sweet Potato

作　　者：唐恒朋 李莉婕[2] 杨守祥[3] 刘运平[3] 刘倩[3] 钱晓刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550006 [2]贵州省农业科技信息研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [3]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2016年第5期1150-1155,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家甘薯产业技术体系项目(CARS-11-B-14)

摘　　要：为甘薯的优质高产栽培提供依据,采用大田试验方法,以宁紫1号、泰中6为研究对象,研究不同类型钾肥对甘薯生长发育及产质量的影响。结果表明：1施钾肥可增加甘薯的平均茎长和提高块根干物质的积累量,宁紫1号的平均茎长明显高于泰中6号,且氯化钾对甘薯的平均茎长的影响稍大于硫酸钾;移栽后70~130 d,宁紫1号块根干物质积累变化较明显,随着施钾量的增加,同期甘薯的干物质积累量硫酸钾呈逐渐增加的趋势,氯化钾则呈先升后降的趋势;泰中6号甘薯块根随着生育进程的推进不断膨大。2施钾肥可增加甘薯的单薯重和产量。随着施钾量的增加,宁紫1号单薯重与对照组相比呈逐渐增加的趋势;高钾处理泰中6号单薯重呈一定的下降趋势,且对单薯重的增加效果氯化钾优于硫酸钾;施钾肥可明显增加2个甘薯品种的产量,泰中6号的产量远高于宁紫1号。3施钾肥可显著增加宁紫1号块根中的花青素含量,而泰中6号花青素含量很少且变化不大;除Mn、Zn元素外,不同品种间钾素对甘薯矿质元素含量的影响存在一定的差异,宁紫1号,施钾肥可显著促进甘薯对K、Fe的吸收,降低其对Ca的吸收,而对N、P、Cu的吸收影响不大;泰中6号,施钾肥可促进甘薯对Ca的吸收,降低对K、Fe、Cu的吸收,而对N、P的含量变化不大。The effects of different kinds of potassium fertilizers on growing development,yield and quality of two sweet potato varieties were studied by a field test method to provide the basis for high-yield and good quality cultivation of sweet potato. Results：（i） Applying potassium can increase average stem length and root dry matter accumulation of sweet potato. The average stem length of Ningzi 1 is obviously higher than Taizhong 6 and the effect of potassium chloride on the average stem length of sweet potato is slightly higher than the potassium sulfate.The dry matter accumulation of Ningzi 1 applying potassium sulfate shows a gradual rising trend but the dry matter accumulation of Ningzi 1applying potassium chloride presents a first rising and then declining trend with increase of potassium application amount during 70-130 d after transplanting. The roots of Taizhong 6 expand continuously during the duration of growing process.（ii） Applying potassium can increase single sweet potato weight and yield. With increase of potassium application amount,single sweet potato weight of Ningzi 1 shows a gradual rising trend compared with CK. The single sweet potato weight of Taizhong 6 applying high potassium application amount presents a certain declining trend and the increase effect of potassium chloride on single sweet potato weight is better than potassium sulfate. Applying potassium can improve yield of two tested sweet potato varieties obviously and the yield of Taizhong 6 is significantly higher than that of Ningzi1.（iii） Applying potassium can increase the anthocyanin content in roots of Ningzi 1 significantly but the anthocyanin content in roots of Taizhong 6 is little and no obvious change. Except for Mn and Zn,there is a certain difference in effect of potassium on sweet potato mineral element content between two tested sweet potato varieties. Applying potassium can significantly improve K and Fe absorption,reduce Ca absorption and has no effect on N,P and Cu absorption in Ningzi 1.Applying potassium

关 键 词：甘薯 钾肥 生长发育 产量 养分特性 

分 类 号：S532.062[农业科学—作物学]