农地融资法律模式研究  

Study of Law Mode of Farmland Financing

作　　者：申惠文[1] 杜志勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学法学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《河南工程学院学报（社会科学版）》2016年第2期33-38,共6页Journal of Henan University of Engineering(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(14CFX035)

摘　　要：当前农地融资试点中,土地承包经营权抵押与土地经营权抵押并存,前者于法相违,后者于法无据。改革应当凝聚共识,立法先行。随着农地三权分置改革的推进,土地承包经营权长久不变,逐步具有准所有权的法律地位。这种情况下,如果土地承包经营权仍然不能自由转让,那么,"土地承包经营权抵押"就是错误的法律表达。我国应当借鉴德国土地债务制度,建立"物上负担"式融资模式,解决农户自身融资需求。中央改革文件中提出的新型农业经营主体获得"土地经营权",既可以是债权属性的土地租赁权,也可以是物权属性的土地用益物权。然而,作为法律概念,土地经营权的内涵不能泛化,应当专指新型农业经营主体享有的新型用益物权。据此,新型农业经营主体的融资模式实质上包括土地租赁权质押和土地经营权抵押两种。In practice, there are two types of farming mortgage financing which are the mortgage of land con- tract and management rights and management rights of land. However, the former violates the law and the rear has no the legal basis. The reform needs common views, and needs the priority of rule of law. With the development of the division of three rights, the land contract and management rights gradually acquires the position of quasi-propri- etary right based on the permanency invariability of the land contract and management rights. It is a wrong express that the management rights and management rights can mortgage because the management rights and management rights cannot transfer freely. We can learn the experience of the system of land liability from Germany. The man- agement rights of land has two different attributes of both lease and usufruct. The documents of the central govern- ment regulates that the ＂management right of land＂ can be either the lease right of credit attribute, and the usufruct right of the real right attribute. However, the management rights of land should not be infinite, and the new type agriculture operator can only acquire the management rights of land which is real right. Therefore, there are two types of farming mortgage financing in essence which are the pledges of land lease and mortgage of the management rights of land.

关 键 词：土地承包经营权抵押 土地经营权抵押 土地租赁权质押 农地三权分置改革 

分 类 号：D922.4[政治法律—法学]