不同覆盖栽培年限雷竹林形态可塑性研究  

Study on morphological plasticity of Phyllostachys praecox cv. prevernalis in different mulching cultivationperiod(s)

作　　者：高贵宾[1,2] 钟浩[1,2] 潘雁红[1,2] 叶晓丹[1,2] 袁娜 徐旻昱 

机构地区：[1]国家林业局竹子研究开发中心,浙江杭州310012 [2]浙江省竹子高效加工重点实验室,浙江杭州310012 [3]余杭区林业水利局,浙江余杭311100

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2016年第5期33-37,共5页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：财政部公益性行业科研专项(201504407);浙江省科技厅计划项目(2011F20008);中央科研院所所长基金(ZXJJ201203);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2014QA038);浙江省科技计划项目(2014F10047)

摘　　要：对覆盖当年、3、6、9、12 a雷竹林地下茎和地上克隆分株形态可塑性进行了研究,结果表明:竹林覆盖低于9 a时,总土层地下茎分枝强度随覆盖年限增长显著增大,然而覆盖12 a时,却显著减小;竹林总土层地下茎分枝角度在覆盖3、6 a时显著减小;竹林覆盖3 a后,竹鞭总长度随覆盖年限增长显著减小;竹林鞭径、鞭节长度无显著差异,但鞭节长度随覆盖年限增长总体有逐渐减小趋势;竹林根冠比随覆盖年限增长,先增大后减小,覆盖12 a时显著减小;竹林总立竹叶柄长度,在覆盖6 a后显著减小;总立竹枝秆夹角基本无显著差异,但呈现随覆盖年限增长逐渐减小的趋势;竹林覆盖6 a后,立竹枝下高显著增大;竹秆高度、竹节间长度、竹子胸径,总体有随覆盖年限增长先增大后减小的变化趋势。结论认为,竹林覆盖6 a后,种群所受胁迫越来越严重,此时需要及时歇园养竹,重点进行竹林土壤生态修复。Morphological plasticity of rhizome and standing bamboo of mulching 0 year, 3 years, 6 years, 9 years, 12 years Phyllostachys praecox cv. Prevernalisforests were studied. Results showed that while the period（s） of bamboo mulching cultivation less than 9 years, with increased of mulching cultivation periods, rhizome branching intensity of total soil layers of bamboo forest increased significantly, but it declined significantly when mulching 12 years. Rhizome branching angles of total soil layers of bamboo forest reduced significantly while mulching 3 and 6 years. After mulching 3 years, the total length of bamboo rhizome decreased significantly with increased of mulching periods. There were no significant differences in rhizome internode length and rhizome diameter among bamboo forests, but rhizome internode length also showed a decreasing tendency with increased of mulching periods. Mulching periods increased, the root-shoot ratio of bamboo forest increased firstly then decreased, and it declined significantly when mulching 12 years. The petiole length of total standing bamboo decreased significantly after mulching 6 years. The bamboo branch-culm angle of total standing bamboo had no significant difference, but it showed a decreasing tendency with increased of mulching periods. The under branch height of bamboo forest increased significantly after mulching 6 years. All of the general bamboo culm height, bamboo internode length, bamboo DBH had a same trend of firstly increased and then decreased withincreased of mulching periods. Results suggested that bamboo population suffered further stress after mulching 6 years, In this case,it was necessary to paused mulching cultivation to keep standing bamboo, another key work was soil ecological restoration in bamboo forest.

关 键 词：雷竹 覆盖栽培 形态可塑性 生态适应 克隆植物 

分 类 号：S795.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S723.5[农业科学—林学]