不同森林光环境下4种灌木1年生幼苗形态和光合生理特性  

Photosynthetic and morphological characteristics of one-year old seedling of four shrubs growing under forest light environments

作　　者：冯强[1] 刘宁[1] 王暾[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学林学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2016年第5期93-101,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"华北落叶松种子萌发与幼苗生长对暖干化气候的响应机制研究"(31400536);山西农业大学科技创新基金"气候变暖对华北山地优势乔灌木生理生态特性的影响"(2010005)

摘　　要：以山西芦芽山林区常见4种灌木二色胡枝子、连翘、三裂绣线菊、土庄绣线菊1年生幼苗为实验材料,将其栽植到林下与林外两种森林光环境下,测定其形态、生物量分配、光合生理指标。结果表明:连翘和二色胡枝子总生物量超过三裂绣线菊和土庄绣线菊,林外全光照环境下连翘和二色胡枝子生物量显著增加,但三裂绣线菊和土庄绣线菊生物量增加不显著;林下相对于林外,三裂绣线菊只有地上地下生物量比增加,土庄绣线菊根生物量比降低,地上地下生物量比、茎生物量比、叶生物量比与高茎比增加,连翘和二色胡枝子生物量分配及植株形态变化与土庄绣线菊相反;4种灌木幼苗比叶面积、叶面积比林下高于林外;4种灌木林外净光合速率高于林下;二色胡枝子、三裂绣线菊、土庄绣线菊胞间/大气CO2浓度比、叶绿素b含量及总叶绿素含量在林下增加、叶绿素a/b在林下降低;三裂绣线菊、土庄绣线菊、连翘林外水分利用效率提高。可见4种灌木叶特性、气体交换及叶绿素对不同光环境的响应具有一致性,但生物量及分配、植株形态的光响应存在差异;土庄绣线菊林下存活率(100%)与林外存活率(69.44%)相差最大。初步判定二色胡枝子和连翘是喜光的,土庄绣线菊是耐荫的,三裂绣线菊的光适应性界于前两者与土庄绣线菊之间;4种灌木幼苗的光适应性与其自然分布具有一定程度的一致性,森林群落的生态恢复需结合树种的光适应性。One-year old seedling of four common shrubs（Lespedeza bicolor, Forsythia suspense, Spiraea triblobata, Spiraea pubescens） were selected in Guancen Mountains to study the physiological and morphological acclimation to two different light environments（understory and open land） in the field. Photosynthetic indices, biomass allocation patterns and phenotypic plasticity indices were measured. The results showed that total biomass of Lespedeza bicolor and Forsythia suspense were higher than Spiraea triblobata and Spiraea pubescens. Total biomass of Lespedeza bicolor and Forsythia suspense increased significantly result from light environment of open land, which was not the same as Spiraea triblobata and Spiraea pubescens. Only A/B of Spiraea triblobata was higher at understory than that at open land. SMR, LMR, A/B, H/D of Spiraea pubescens was higher at understory than that at open land, RMR was contrary. The light response of biomass allocation and plant morphology of Lespedeza bicolor and Forsythia suspense were different from Spiraea pubescens. SLA and LAR of four shrub seedling were higher at understory than that at open land, net photosynthetic rate was contrary. Ci/Ca, total chlorophyll contents, Chlb contents of Lespedeza bicolor, Spiraea triblobata and Spiraea pubescens were higher at understory than that at open land, chla/b was inverse. WUE of Forsythia suspense, Spiraea triblobata, Spiraea pubescensincreased at open land relative to understory. Consequently, the light response of leaf traits, gas exchange, chlorophyll contents of four shrubs had consistency, whereas the light response of biomass, biomass allocation patterns, plant morphology of four shrubs were different. The difference of Lespedeza bicolor＇s survival rate between understory and open land was biggest. Preliminary conclusion was as follows： Lespedeza bicolor and Forsythia suspense were photophilic, Spiraea pubescens showed shade tolerance characteristics, light acclimation of Spiraea triblobata was moderate. Light acclimation of f

关 键 词：灌木幼苗 森林光环境 生物量分配 光合生理 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学] Q948.1[生物学—植物学]