苯乙烯聚合反应热失控及其紧急抑制的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation on Runaway Reaction and Inhibition of Styrene Thermal Polymerization

作　　者：周丹[1] 张勇[1] 蒋军成[1] 江佳佳[1] 喻源[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学安全科学与工程学院,江苏省危险化学品本质安全与控制技术重点实验室,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2016年第3期618-625,共8页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：国家自然科学重点基金(21436006);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20141457、BK20150953);江苏省高校自然科学研究面上项目(15KJB620002);中国博士后基金(2014M561639);江苏省博士后基金(1401103C)

摘　　要：为实现对反应热失控行为的在线监控与紧急抑制,采用计算流体力学方法(CFD)结合苯乙烯热引发本体聚合反应的热动力学模型,建立苯乙烯热聚合反应的三维非稳态模型,并对该反应体系热点分布及发展历程进行研究,分析冷却稀释剂注入位置对反应热失控的抑制效果及热点消除的影响规律。结果表明:随着苯乙烯聚合反应的进行,物料黏度迅速增加,减缓了远离搅拌桨区域内物料的对流传热,造成该区域内热点集聚。反应抑制方面,在桨叶区注入冷却稀释剂时反应器内平均温度最低,而在热点集聚区域注入可以更加有效地控制热点的形成,减缓失控速率。研究通过反应器内温度分布与系统散度判据相结合的方法,为反应器传感器的优化布置、热失控反应的预防与控制提供了理论依据。In order to achieve online monitoring and shortstopping of runaway reactions during styrene thermal polymerization, a Computational Fluid Dynamics（CFD） method concerning thermokinetic equations was used to establish a three-dimensional model of a stirred reactor. The distribution, development and elimination of hotspots in the system were studied considering the inhibition effect of different cold diluent injection locations. The results show that viscosity increase reduces heat convection in locations away from the impeller,which leads to uneven temperature distribution in the reactor. Cooling diluents can effectively control hotspot formation and reduce runaway reaction rate when the diluent is added to the hotspot region. Meanwhile, the volume average temperature is the lowest when the diluent is added to the impeller region. By considering temperature distribution within the reactor and using the divergence criterion method,this research provides theoretical support for optimal placement of reactor sensors, and prevention and control of thermal runaway reactions.

关 键 词：苯乙烯聚合 计算流体力学 温度传感器 抑制 

分 类 号：TQ316.3[化学工程—高聚物工业]