^(60)Co-γ射线辐射对西瓜着花及果实性状的影响  

Effects of ^(60)Co-γ irradiation on flower setting and fruit properties of watermelon

作　　者：陈亮[1] 李玉明[1] 杨世梅[1] 陈年来[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学园艺学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2016年第6期5-9,共5页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：甘肃省农业生物技术开发应用专项(GNSW-2010-19)

摘　　要：为了探索辐射育种适宜的辐射剂量,用7个剂量^(60)Co-γ射线辐射西瓜干种子,观测了不同辐射剂量对西瓜着花节位、单果质量、果实纵横径、果皮厚度和果实可溶性固形物含量等的影响。结果发现,不同剂量^(60)Co-γ射线辐射处理对西瓜第一雄花着花节位无显著影响,350 Gy及以上剂量辐射处理显著降低中等种子和小种子材料的西瓜第一雌花着花节位,但对大种子材料无显著影响;800 Gy及以上剂量辐射处理对西瓜果实性状产生显著的抑制作用,小种子材料比大种子、中等种子材料对辐射更敏感;随辐射剂量增大,^(60)Co-γ射线对西瓜着花和果实性状的抑制作用逐渐增强,西瓜干种子^(60)Co-γ辐射的适宜剂量为200~500 Gy,不同质量西瓜干种子对^(60)Co-γ辐射的敏感性表现为小种子材料>中等种子材料>大种子材料。The effects of different doses of60Co-γ radiation on flower setting and fruit properties were investigated. The dry seeds of watermelon were irradiated under 7 dosages of60Co-γ radiation, the effects of60Co-γ radiation on node position of watermelon flowers, fruit weight, fruit vertical diameter and transect diameters, fruit peel thickness and soluble solid content（SSC） were determined. The results showed that60Co-γ radiation had no significant effect on staminate flower setting node of watermelon.60Co-γ radiation at the dosage of 350 Gy or above significantly decreased the setting node of female flowers in the middle and small seed cultivars but not the large seed ones. Significant inhibiting effect on fruit properties was observed in radiation treatments at 800 and 950 Gy. The results suggested that the effects of60Co-γ radiation on flower setting and fruit properties increased as the dosage heightened, the optimum radiation dosage for dry seeds of watermelon were between200 Gy and 500 Gy, and the sensitivity of watermelon cultivars with different seed mass to60Co-γ radiation was small seed cultivars 〉middle seed ones 〉large seed ones.

关 键 词：西瓜 60CO-Γ辐射 着花节位 果实性状 辐射敏感性 

分 类 号：S651[农业科学—果树学]