医院感染管理的风险评估分析  

Risk assessment of management of healthcare-associated infections

作　　者：李六亿[1] 徐艳[2] 贾建侠[1] 赵艳春[1] 赵秀莉[1] 任军红[1] 贾会学[1] 李玲[1] 赵一飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院感染管理-疾病预防控制处,北京100034 [2]贵州省人民医院医院感染管理科,贵州贵阳550002

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2016年第11期2607-2610,共4页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：中国医院协会医院感染预防与控制能力建设基金资助项目(CHA-2012-XSPX-0629-1)

摘　　要：目的通过对某三级甲等综合性教学医院临床科室进行风险评估,以探索出一套系统化、科学化的评估模式,明确医院感染预防控制工作重点,有效提升卫生资源的利用和效能。方法从管理、过程和结果三部分指标进行风险识别、权重系数的赋值、对风险发生的可能性、后果严重程度及当前体系进行全面综合考量赋值,对医院临床部门进行风险评估。结果风险评估分值提示,风险最高的前5位科室分别为心外ICU、呼吸ICU、老年内科ICU、外科ICU、心内ICU;不同的临床科室其风险指标的特点有所不同;按照百分位的不同,根据评估分值进行风险等级划分,心外ICU、呼吸ICU及老年内科ICU属于感染极高风险科室;外科ICU、心内科ICU、泌尿外科、血液内科、风湿免疫科、神经内科属于高风险科室。结论对医院感染风险进行客观、科学、循证的评估,能明确医院感染管理工作的重点,有效指导医院感染预防控制资源的合理配置,提升感染管理效能。OBJECTIVE To put forward a set of systematic and scientific evaluation patterns,define the key points of prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections,and effectively improve the benefit and efficiency of medical resources through the risk assessment of clinical departments in a three-A teaching hospital.METHODS The risk was identified and the weight coefficients were assigned for three parts of indicators,namely the management,process,and result.The possibility of risk,severity of consequence,and current system were comprehensively evaluated and assigned,and the risk assessment was conducted for the clinical departments.RESULTS The risk assessment score showed that the top 5departments that ranked the highest risk were respectively as follows：cardiac surgery ICU,respiratory ICU,geriatric medicine ICU,surgery ICU,and cardiology ICU;the clinical departments varied in the characteristics of risk indicators.According to the different percentiles,the risk was graded based on the assessment scores;the cardiac surgery ICU,respiratory ICU,and geriatric medicine ICU were the departments at very high risk of infections;the departments at high risk of infections included the surgery ICU,cardiology ICU,department of urinary surgery,department of hematology,department of rheumatology,and department of neurology.CONCLUSIONIt is an effective way to conduct the objective,scientific,and evidence-based assessment of risk of healthcare-associated infections so as to make clear of the key points of healthcare-associated infections management,guide the rational allocation of resources for control of healthcare-associated infections,and improve the efficiency of infection management.

关 键 词：医院感染 管理 风险评估 权重系数 分析 

分 类 号：R197.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]