2007—2013年夏季江淮地区MCS和MCV与暴雨关系的统计特征  

Statistical Characteristics of Relations of Rainstorms with MCSs and MCVs in Yangtze-Huaihe Basin during Summer from 2007 to 2013

作　　者：刘瑞翔 丁治英[1,2] 王一颉[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室,南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,南京210044

出　　处：《气象科学》2016年第2期236-243,共8页Journal of the Meteorological Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2013CB430103);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41375058);江苏省优秀科技创新团队基金;江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：利用FY-2D逐时T_（BB）资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,对2007—2013年夏季（6—8月）江淮地区暴雨和大暴雨日的MCS和MCV进行普查,将MCS分为圆状的MCC和MβCCS以及带状的PECS和MβECS,并根据MCV能否激发新的对流将其分为发展型和不发展型。结果表明：夏季江淮地区由MCS造成的暴雨和大暴雨日占总天数的74.3%。追踪产生暴雨的65次MCS过程中,带状MCS所占比例明显大于圆状MCS;MCS多生成于江淮中东部的陆地上,以向东—东北和南—东南移动为主,其移动距离集中在1~5个经纬距。暴雨和大暴雨日中出现的MCV主要位于对流层中低层,且多出现在MCS的西侧和北侧;PECS和MβECS比MCC更易衍生MCV过程,未出现MβCCS伴随的MCV个例。不同类型MCS衍生出的MCV厚度差异很小,MCV的厚度与其类型、对应暴雨日的等级无明显关系。6—8月,MCV发生的次数递减,MCV多发生于午后14时左右,夜间到凌晨很少生成。由MCS引发的大暴雨日中,有MCV出现的天数占61.5%,明显较暴雨日高,大暴雨日中出现的MCV多数都能引发“二次对流”。Based on the FY-2D geostationary satellite black body temperature data and NCEP/ NCAR reanalysis data, the mesoscale convective systems （MCSs） over Yangtze-Huaihe basin were classi- fied into MCC, PECS, MI3CCS and MI3ECS during rainstorm and heavy rainstorm days in summer（ June- August） from 2007--2013. The mesoscale convective vortex （MCVs） derived from MCSs were divided in- to two kinds： developed MCVs and non-developed MCVs. The results show that the percentage of rain- storm and heavy rainstorm days caused by MCSs was 74.3%. PECS and MISECS occurred more frequently than MCC and MI3CCS among the 65 MCS cases in those rainstorm days. Most MCS eases appeared in the middle and eastern part of Yangtze-Huaihe basin however, there are very few on the sea. The MCS ex-tended east-northest ward and its moving path is mainly limited to 1--5 latitude and longitude degrees. MCVs mainly occurred in the middle and low troposphere and spreaded along Yangtze river, and half of the 24 cases of MCV were located in the western and northern parts of MCSs. The percentage of both PECS and MI3ECS leading to MCVs was about 41%, and 25% for MCC while no MCV case could be found in M[3CCS. The thickness distinction between MCV caused by different kinds of MCSs was quite modest, and it seemed to be independent on its origin MCS type and the grade of rainstorm days. The number of MCV cases declined from June to August and the peak time for MCV initiation was around ld ：00 BJT. In the 13 heavy rainstorm days, 8 cases of MCV could be found, most of them could lead to new MCSs or contribute to their original MCSs.

关 键 词：暴雨 中尺度对流系统 中尺度对流涡旋 二次对流 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]