医院感染现患率调查及分析  

作　　者：徐凌艳[1] 宋爱华[1] 高艳[2] 

机构地区：[1]桓台县人民医院院感科,山东256400 [2]桓台县人民医院手术室

出　　处：《当代医学》2016年第16期5-7,共3页Contemporary Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解医院感染现患率、病原微生物检测情况及抗菌药物使用状况。方法采用现患率调查方法,床旁调查和病例调查相结合,调查本院1天的医院感染率,病原微生物检测情况及抗菌药物使用状况。结果调查住院病例833例,发生医院感染27例,患病率为3.24%;例次感染30例,例次患病率3.60%。感染部位构成:下呼吸道感染21例,占70%;泌尿道感染5例,占16.7%;皮肤及软组织感染2例,占6.7%;表浅切口感染1例,占3.3%;其他感染1例,占3.3%。使用抗菌药物例数305例,抗菌药物使用率为36.6%,其中治疗用药229例,占75.1%,预防用药69例,占22.6%,治疗+预防用药7例,占2.3%。医院感染共检出病原菌12株,其中鲍曼不动杆菌4株,肺炎克雷伯菌4株,铜绿假单胞菌、其他凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌及屎肠球菌各1株。结论医院感染现患率调查有助于了解医院感染和抗菌药物使用情况及分析医院感染的高危因素,为后期有效开展医院感染目标性监测提供依据。Objective To understand the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection, pathogenic microorganism inspection situation and the status of the antibacterial drug use. MethodsThe prevalence rate, pathogenic microorganism inspection and the use of the antibacterial drug were investigated by the methods of prevalence rate investigation combined with bedside examination and medical record review.Results833 patients were surveyed. 27 patients developed infection and prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 3.24%. 30 cases infected and the case rate was 3.60%. Lower respiratory tract was the main site of nosocomial infection （70%）, followed by urinary system （16.7%）, skin （6.7%）, superifcial wound （3.3%） and other infection （3.3%）. Antimicrobial usage rate was 36.6%, 22.6% of which were for prophylactic use, 2.3% for both prophylactic and therapeutic use, and 75.1% for therapeutic use. 12 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected, including 4 strains of baumannii acinetobacter, 4 strains of pneumonia klebsiella, 1 strain of pseudomonas aeruginosa, 1 strain of other coagulase negative staphylococcus, 1 strain of enterococcus faecalis and 1 strain of enterococcus faecium.ConclusionPrevalence rate of nosocomial infection investigation contributed to an understanding of hospital infection and the use of antimicrobial agents and analyze risk factors of hospital infection, which could provide the basis for effective development of the late hospital infection examination.

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]