振动频率影响肌肉力量振动训练效果的实验研究  

Experimental Research on the Effect of Vibration Frequency on Vibration Training of Muscle Strength

作　　者：刘北湘[1] 刘晓亚[2] 戴玮[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都体育学院,四川成都610041 [2]四川师范大学,四川成都610068

出　　处：《成都体育学院学报》2016年第3期111-115,121,共6页Journal of Chengdu Sport University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"振动波在振动训练中对肌肉作用效果的生物力学机理研究"(11272068)

摘　　要：目的:通过对受试者采用不同振动频率进行附加振动的负重蹲训练,探讨振动频率对肌肉力量振动训练效果的影响及其机理。方法:以大学男生30人为受试者,在振动台上进行不同振动频率的负重蹲训练。使用三维影像测量和测力台同步采集50cm跳深和负重蹲的运动学及动力学数据;使用瑞士多关节等速肌力测试系统采集膝关节向心和离心收缩时的肌力指标。对实验前后两次采集的数据进行统计学分析。结果:高频组在跳深的净冲量、反跳时间和反跳高度等方面明显优于低频组;高频组在负重蹲的最大力值、蹬伸时间、冲量的改变幅度要优于低频组;高频组在肌力数据的力矩峰值和最大功率的增大幅度上也明显高于低频组。结论:较高振动频率(35-45Hz)更有利于促进下肢肌群超等长运动能力的提高,有利于促进下肢伸肌群的向心工作能力以及能力储备,能够提高膝关节在离心和向心两种工作状态下的力矩峰值以及最大工作效率。Objective： to study the effect of vibration frequency on the vibration training of muscle strength and its mechanism through subjects＇ weight-bearing squat training at different vibration frequencies. Methods： Thirty male college students were chosen as subjects to do weight-bearing squat training at different vibration frequencies on the vibration table. A three-dimensional image measuring instrument and a force platform were used to collect the kinematical and dynamic data of 50 cm deep jump and weight-bearing squat synchronously. The Swiss multi-joint isokinetic muscle strength testing system was used to collect muscle strength indicators of knee joint centripetal and centrifugal contraction. The data collected before and after the experiment were statistically analyzed. Results： In terms of deep jump-related impulse,rebound time and rebound height,the high-frequency group is obviously superior to the low-frequency group. In terms of weight-bearing squat-related maximum force,stretching time and changing range of impulse,the high-frequency group is superior to the low-frequency group too. The high-frequency group presents a better performance than the low-frequency group in terms of peak torque of muscle strength and the increasing range of maximum power. Conclusion： higher vibration frequency（ 35-45Hz） is more conducive to improving the plyometric exercise capacity of lower extremity muscles,both the centripetal ability and energy reservation of leg extensor muscle group and both the peak torque and the maximum working efficiency of knee joint in centrifugal and centripetal movements.

关 键 词：振动训练 振动频率 肌肉力量 运动生物力学 

分 类 号：G808.1[文化科学—体育训练]