中国农村五保供养:制度回顾与文化反思  

The Five Guarantees Policy in Rural China:System Review and Cultural Reflection

作　　者：常亮[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学人文与发展学院 [2]中国农业大学烟台研究院

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第3期101-109,共9页Journal of China Agricultural University;Social Sciences

摘　　要：土地改革完成后,为了妥善解决农村地区孤老贫弱群体生计无着等社会问题,我国政府推出了内嵌于农业合作化运动之中的五保供养制度,并且将其基本框架体系沿用至今。通过追踪五保制度的缘起历程,深入挖掘支持政策实施的文化心理,归纳总结不同历史时期制度运行的"得与失",发现其制度演进充分体现了传统养老价值观及行为惯习持续而深层的影响。基于中国的传统文化来探寻五保制度的发展方向,继而进行符合国人心理、民众普遍认同的制度设计,着眼于国家、集体、个人等角色功能的稳定性及其可持续性进行调整定位,才能最终实现"鳏、寡、孤、独、废疾者皆有所养"。In order to properly solve the social problems,taking livelihood problem for instance,existed in the solitary vulnerable groups in rural areas,the Chinese government launched a five guarantees policy embedded in agricultural co- operative movement right after the Chinese Agrarian Revolution. This basic framework of the system above is still being in used till now. By tracing the history of the five guarantees policy and exploring the cultural mentality involved,this paper summed up the gains and losses got from implementation process during the different periods. The author believed it is exploring the development direction of the policy based on the Chinese traditional culture,making the system design based on common Chinese psychology and citizens＇ agreement and making policy adjustment focusing on the stablity of the state＇s and individuals＇ function sustainability,all different vulnerable groups could be raised ultimately.

关 键 词：农村五保供养制度 制度演进 文化反思 

分 类 号：F323.89[经济管理—产业经济]