冬小麦作物需水量计算分析下的节水研究  

Water saving research on calculation and analysis of crop water requirements for Winter Wheat

作　　者：钟文军 梅小文 周晋 袁成福 

机构地区：[1]江西省灌溉排水发展中心,江西南昌330013 [2]江西水利职业学院,江西南昌330013 [3]扬州大学,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《江西水利科技》2016年第1期11-14,31,共5页Jiangxi Hydraulic Science & Technology

基　　金：水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201101010)

摘　　要：选取冬小麦作为试验作物,以Penman-Monteith公式计算的参考作物需水量为依据,采用单作物系数法计算作物需水量.结果表明,冬小麦需水量总体变化趋势表现为越冬前期较大,越冬时期最小,春季返青后需水量呈现大幅度的上升,在拔节至灌浆最大,再逐渐减少.其需水规律与多年平均值的变化呈现出较好的一致性,可作为农业灌溉制度制定和相关研究的重要参考依据.需水量计算值相较于多年平均值具有很大的节水空间,认为实际灌溉中应遵循作物自身的需水规律,依据作物需水量,适当适宜的灌溉,既促进作物生长,又节约水资源,创造节水效益.This article chose winter wheat as a kind of testing crop to compute crop water requirements by single crop coefficient approach according to reference crop evapotranspiration computed by Penman-Monteith equation. The changing trend of crop water requirements for Winter Wheat is that before winter period crop water requirements is large, then it decrease to the lowest point in over wintering period, it showed a large degree of continuous increasing from reviving period, reached to the highest point at jointing and filling stage, then it decreased gradually. The changing of perennial average value and the law of crop water requirements are generally in good agreement, can be treated as the important reference for making irrigation scheduling and related research. Compared to the perennial average value,the calculating value of crop water requirements has large potential of water saving, if we follow the water demand regulation during irrigation, irrigating properly according to crop water requirements,will promote plant growth, save water resource and create water-saving benefit.

关 键 词：冬小麦 PENMAN-MONTEITH公式 作物需水量 节水空间 

分 类 号：TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程]