高秆作物中耕培土机械化技术分析  

Analysis on Mechanization Technology in Cultivation and Banking for High Stalk Crops

作　　者：张秀丽[1] 王栋[1] 仝振伟 吴响[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学机电工程学院,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2016年第5期157-160,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(102102210535);河南省博士后科研壹等资助项目(2012046);河南省烟草公司许昌市烟草公司项目(XYKJ2015M03)

摘　　要：中耕培土可以改善植株根系土壤环境,促进根系生长发育,尤其是高秆作物通过培土还能增强根茎的抗倒伏能力,提高产量和质量。目前的中耕培土机械化技术有锄铲式培土和回转式培土两类,锄铲式培土通过土壤沿铲部的推移实现培土,能较好保持土壤肥力的原位,但培土高度低,消耗功率大;回转式培土通过滚子的回转转动和机组前进运动的合成运动实现对土壤的抛洒来培土,流向不易控制,易于造成底部叶子的机械损伤,培土效率较高;新研究的螺旋培土刀机构通过对土壤实现铣削并传送,能较好控制土壤的流向,做到精细培土作业,减小对作物根部的机械损伤,有关培土效果需要田间进一步验证。The help of cultivation and banking technology can improve soil environment of plant roots and promote root growth and development with and enhance the stalk lodging resistance especially for high stalk crops. The output and quality is increased too. There are two kinds of mechanization technology in cultivation and banking. They are hoe type and rotary type. Hoe type realizes banking operations through soil moving along the edge of the shovel,and it can better maintain the soil fertility in situ,but it has low height of banking and large power consumption. Rotary type achieves banking by spilled soil which is realized through synthesis of movement between the ration of the roller and the forward motion of the machine. Its flow direction is difficult to control. It is easy to cause mechanical damage of the bottom leaves. Its banking efficiency is high. New research spiral tool can better control the flow direction by milling and transfer soil,do fine banking operations,and reduce mechanical damage to the crop roots. The banking results need be further proof in the field.

关 键 词：高秆作物 农业机械 中耕培土 技术分析 

分 类 号：S224.1[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S365[农业科学—农业工程]