鹊鸲冬季和春季取食生态位初步研究  

Feeding Niche of Copsychus saularis between Spring and Winter

作　　者：原宝东[1,2] 闫永峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]商丘师范学院生命科学学院,河南商丘476000 [2]河池学院化学与生物工程学院,广西宜州546300

出　　处：《四川动物》2016年第3期426-430,共5页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：河南省动物营养代谢与遗传改良创新型科技团队项目;广西高校科学技术研究重点项目(KY2015ZD105);商丘师范学院高层次人才科研启动项目(500014001)

摘　　要：2013年3—5月,2014年12月—2015年2月,在广西宜州利用直接观察法对鹊鸲Copsychus saularis的取食生态位进行分析,记录鹊鸲的数量、取食时间、食物种类、取食方式、取食生态位、取食方向等,共记录38 d,收集数据6 407个。结果表明:鹊鸲为杂食性鸟类,以果实和昆虫为主,冬季取食的植物有23种,取食生态位宽度为11.24;春季取食植物有22种,取食生态位宽度为12.19;春季和冬季的取食生态位重叠度为0.359。卡方独立性检验表明:春季和冬季鹊鸲的取食时间和食物种类的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);取食高度、取食水平和取食方向等的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。鹊鸲的取食方式为啄食。鹊鸲的食物种类和取食时间受季节的影响较大,人为干扰是影响鹊鸲取食和活动的主要因素。Feeding niche of magpie robin（ Copsychus saularis） was investigated from March to May 2013 and December2014 to February 2015. In the fieldwork,number of C. saularis,feeding time,food types,feeding behaviors,feeding niche and feeding direction were recorded. The results showed that C. saularis was omnivorous,but mainly fed on fruits and insects. Analysis of feeding niche breadth and overlap suggested that the value of feeding niche breadth was 11. 24 in winter and 12. 19 in spring,respectively; the value of feeding niche overlap was 0. 359 between spring and winter. The feeding time and food types had significant differences between spring and summer（ P〈0. 05）,however,no significant difference was observed in other parameters（ P〉0. 05）. The feeding behaviors of C. saularis could be affected by food resources in different seasons. Human disturbance might be the main reason to influence its activity and feeding.

关 键 词：鹊鸲 食性 生态位宽度 生态位重叠度 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学] Q959.7