梭罗自然思想研究补遗  

Research on Henry David Thoreau's Outlook of Nature: A Supplement

作　　者：刘略昌[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学博士后科研流动站,上海200083 [2]上海海洋大学外国语学院,上海201306

出　　处：《浙江师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第4期79-84,共6页Journal of Zhejiang Normal University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：梭罗不仅著有大量自然文学作品,而且还对19世纪中期美国的科学发展、教育体制及印第安人的刻板塑造等诸多问题给予了深入思考,这些现实思考与其自然思想息息相关。梭罗主张进行超验的科学研究,他对美国自然史、生物学等领域的发展做出了重要贡献。梭罗"以大自然为课堂"和"从做中学"的理念与后来进步教育运动的理念不谋而合。梭罗理想的人类是能与自然完美感应的印第安人。无论是对自然观的阐发,还是对教育观、科学观和印第安人观的论述,梭罗最终的目标都指向了同一个方向,那就是希望摆脱当时大多数人所过的静静的绝望生活,而去追求一种有意义的精神生活。Henry David Thoreau not only produced a large quantity of nature writings,but also actively pondered on the scientific development,the education system,and the stereotyping of American Indian image in the mid-19 th century,all of which were closely related to his outlook of nature. Thoreau conducted the scientific research in a transcendental way,which made a significant contribution to American natural history and the development of biology. Thoreau＇s notion of making nature the classroom and learning by doing coincided with the idea of the later progressive education movement. Thoreau held that the ideal human being was the American Indian who could perfectly correspond with nature. When illustrating the notion of nature,education system,science development and American Indian image,Thoreau actually betrayed the same concern： people should lead a meaningful spiritual life rather than a life of quiet desperation.

关 键 词：梭罗 自然思想 补遗 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]