黄土丘陵区不同土地利用方式土壤微生物功能多样性特征  

The Characteristics of Soil Microbe Function Diversity in Semi-arid Loess Hilly Region

作　　者：蔡进军[1] 董立国[1] 李生宝[1] 潘占兵[1] 许浩[1] 张源润[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院荒漠化治理研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2016年第4期555-562,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2015BAC01B01);宁夏科技攻关项目(2012ZZS50);宁夏农林科学院自主研发项目(NKYJ-15-19);宁夏"十三五"重点项目(宁夏多功能林业分区域研究与示范)

摘　　要：土壤微生物是生态系统的重要组成部分,分析黄土丘陵区小流域不同土地利用方式土壤微生物功能多样性变化状况以及与土壤化学因子间的关系,以期为区域土壤微生物研究以及生态环境监测提供一定的参考依据。采集区域主要土地利用类型土样38份,采用生态板(Biolog-ECO)方法测定不同土地利用方式土壤微生物利用碳源的状况,利用主成分综合评价和相关系数等方法,分析不同土地利用方式土壤微生物功能多样性,以及平均吸光值、多样性指数、6类碳源和土壤化学因子的关系;结果表明:(1)土壤微生物平均吸光值随着培养时间的延长,微生物活性呈现直线增加趋势,土壤微生物功能多样性从表层到底层呈现递减趋势;(2)土壤微生物功能多样性总体趋势为林地>天然草地>耕地,苜蓿地土壤微生物功能多样性不同层次间变异大;(3)土壤全量氮、有机质、速效磷和速效氮对土壤微生物功能多样性具有显著影响。不同土地利用方式以及相同利用方式下不同措施土壤微生物功能多样性变化较大,Biolog-ECO技术可以作为生态环境监测的指标。Soil microbe is an important part of terrestrial ecosystem. The objective of this paper is to elucidate the function of soil microbe diversity and its relationship with the soil environment of semi-arid Loess Hilly Region Watershed, to provide some reference for regional monitoring of soil microbial ecology. 38 types of soil sample were analyzed by eco-plates(Biolog-ECO) method, and the data for AWCD,soil microbial functional diversity and soil chemical factors were analyzed by principal component analysis(PCA) and correlation analysis. The results show that,(1) The AWCD showed a linear upward trend with incubation time, The data of 72 hours was a turning point, Soil microbial functional diversity showed decreasing trend from the surface to the bottom in area.(2) principal component analysis showed that using carbon sources were different for different land use types, and the sort were different of different soil layers of same land use types on PCA.(3) The general trend of soil microbial functional diversity showed that: Forest land > Natural grassland > Cuttivated land.(4) Correlation analysis showed that soil total nitrogen, organic matter, available P and available N have greater impact on soil microbial functional diversity. Soil microbial functional diversity as a sensitive indicator for soil qualtiy has high correlation coefficient with soil environmental factor, Larger changes with microbial functional diversity for different land uses and the same land use types.

关 键 词：土壤微生物功能多样性 Biolog-ECO 土地利用方式 主成分分析 半干旱黄土丘陵区 

分 类 号：S154.36[农业科学—土壤学] X17[农业科学—农业基础科学]