长期施肥对红壤性水稻土碳库管理指数和双季水稻产量的影响  

Effects of Long-term Fertilization on the Carbon Management Index and Double Rice Yield in Red Paddy Soils

作　　者：张文锋[1] 袁颖红[1,2] 周际海[1] 芮绍云[1] 李丽[1] 李大明[2] 黄欠如[2] 成艳红[2] 

机构地区：[1]南昌工程学院生态与环境科学研究所,江西南昌330099 [2]江西省红壤研究所,江西进贤331717

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2016年第4期569-575,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41461050);江西省自然科学基金项目(20142BAB204016);南昌工程学院2015年大学生科研训练计划项目

摘　　要：农业土壤碳储量和碳固定是全球变化及碳循环研究值得关注的重要问题.水稻土是我国主要的农业土地利用类型.土壤活性有机碳和碳库管理指数是描述土壤质量和评价土壤管理水平的良好指标,因此研究长期施肥对红壤性水稻土壤活性有机碳、土壤碳库管理指数及水稻产量的影响具有非常重要的实际意义.基于33 年的长期田间定位试验,研究了不同施肥对红壤性水稻土碳库管理指数及双季水稻产量的影响.试验设置5 个处理,即对照（CK）、氮肥（N）、氮肥与磷肥配施（NP）、氮磷钾肥配施（NPK）和无机肥与有机肥配施（NPKM）.结果表明,连续施肥33 年后,不同施肥处理土壤总有机碳含量、土壤活性碳含量和碳库管理指数顺序均为NPKM〉NPK〉NP〉N〉CK.单施无机肥处理土壤有机碳增加约42.05%~60.23%,NPKM 处理土壤有机碳增加约70.35%.单施无机肥对土壤活性碳含量的影响均不显著,NPKM 处理对土壤活性碳含量的影响均显著;与CK 相比,不同施肥处理土壤微生物量碳、可溶性有机碳、活性有机碳和颗粒有机碳含量增幅分别为13.19%-67.70%、2.11%-23.41%、2.42%-99.37%、8.18%-31.27%,且NPKM 处理效果优于单施无机肥.长期施肥处理土壤碳库管理指数均有不同程度增加,单施化肥对土壤碳库管理指数均无显著影响,NPKM 处理对土壤碳库管理指数影响显著.各施肥处理的双季水稻年产量顺序为NPKM〉NPK〉NP〉N〉CK,NPKM处理的双季水稻年产量增幅最大,为109.87%-118.8%,晚稻产量高于早稻产量.因此,有机肥和无机肥配施对水稻高产稳产和提升碳库管理指数有重要的作用.Agricultural soil carbon storage and carbon sequestration are the important issue of global change and carbon cycle.Paddy soil is major using types of agricultural soil in China. Soil labile organic carbon and carbon management index (CMI) are a good indicator to describe soil quality and evaluate soil management level. So study of the effects of the long-term fertilization on soil labile organic carbon, soil carbon management index in red paddy soil and rice yield has important practical significance. Based on the 33-year field experiment, research was conducted on effects of different fertilization on carbon management index and double rice yield in red paddy soil. Five treatments were set in the experiment, which included control (CK), N fertilizer (N), combined application of N and P fertilizer (NP), combined application of N, P and K fertilizer (NPK), combined application of inorganic and organic fertilizer (NPKM). The results indicated that the order of soil organic carbon, the labile organic carbon and carbon management index in different fertilizations was NPKM>NPK>NP>N>CK in red paddy soil. The content of soil organic carbon increased by 42.05%~60.23% in application of chemical fertilizer treatments, and which increased by 70.35% in NPKM treatment. The application of chemical fertilizer had no significant effect on content of soil labile organic carbon, but NPKM treatment had significant effect on them. Compared with CK, the content of soil microbial biomass carbon, dissolved organic carbon, labile organic carbon and particulate organic carbon in different treatments increased by 13.19%~67.70%、2.11%~23.41%、2.42%~99.37%、8.18%~31.27% respectively, and the effect of combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers is better than that of single fertilizer application. Soil carbon management index had increased in different degrees in long-term fertilization treatments, the application of chemical fertilizer had no significant effect on carbon management index, but NPKM treatment had significan

关 键 词：长期施肥 红壤性水稻土 活性有机碳 碳库管理指数 水稻产量 

分 类 号：S157.41[农业科学—土壤学] X144[农业科学—农业基础科学]