俄罗斯军队的空运医疗后送装备及对我军的启示  

Aeromedical evacuation aircrafts of Russian army and revelations to Chinese army

作　　者：陈炎琰[1] 李法林[1] 钟方虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军航空医学研究所,北京100142

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2016年第1期75-78,共4页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的 综述俄罗斯军队的空运医疗后送装备情况,为我军空运医疗后送装备建设提供借鉴. 资料来源与选择空运医疗后送领域相关文献. 资料引用 引用文献资料31篇. 资料综合 俄罗斯军队有专用的固定翼飞机和直升机用于医疗后送,如伊尔-76MD“手术刀”飞行医院、安-26M“拯救者”复苏-手术飞机和米-8MB“平分线”直升机.其中伊尔-76MD内部布置手术舱、复苏舱和后送舱3个大型电气化机载方舱,可在紧急情况下以最舒适、安全的方式运送伤病员;安-26M飞机上有4个功能隔间：手术间、强化治疗间、保障间和医务人员休息间,能在飞行途中按生命指征进行监护、复苏和强化治疗;米-8MB配有现代化的急救复苏设备,可在地面和飞行途中给予高水平的医疗救助.俄罗斯军队的空运医疗后送装备不断改进完善,形成了两大特点,一是专机专用、系列发展;二是配备齐全、全境覆盖. 结论 通过了解俄罗斯军队空运医疗后送装备的相关情况,对我军空运医疗后送装备建设有以下启示：一是健全空运医疗后送装备体系,二是完善飞行医院的设计和布局,三是实现救护直升机研制系列化,四是保证机上医疗设备的现代化和信息化.Objective To review aeromedical evacuation aircrafts in Russian army,on the purpose of poviding reference for aeromedical evacuation aircrafts construction in Chinese army.Literature resource and selection Related published literatures and information on internet about aeromedical evacuation.Literature quotation Thirty-one references were cited.Literature synthesis Special fixed wing aircraft and helicopter are equipped for aeromedical evacuation in Russian army.For example,Il-76MD ＆quot; Bistoury＆quot;,An-26M ＆quot; Saver＆quot; and Mi-8MB ＆quot;Bisectriх＆quot; were introduced.There were 3 electrified onboard cabins in Il-76MD,such as operation cabin,revival cabin and evacuation cabin.The wounded and ill personnel could be evacuated in the most comfort and safe way by Il-76MD in emergency.In An-26M,there were 4 functional compartments,namely operation compartment,intensive treatment compartment,service compartment and rest compartment for doctors and nurses.During flight the wounded and ill personnel could receive the medical monitoring,revival and intensive treatment on An-26M in accordance with their severity.Mi-8MB was equipped with modern rescue and revival modules,which could offer the wounded and ill personnel with high-level medical care on the ground and during flight.By the application and development for years the aeromedical evacuation aircrafts in Russian army show 2 characteristics：①the aeromedical evacuation aircrafts are developed in series and tied with specified purposes;②the aeromedical evacuation aircrafts equip with complete set medical equipment and enable the deployment covering almost all Russia.Conclusions By overviewing the aeromedical evacuation aircrafts of Russian army,we could obtain such revelations as building integrated aeromedical evacuation equipment system,improving rational design and arrangement of the flying hospital,developing ambulance helicopters in series as well as realizing the modernization and informationization of the medical equipment onboard.

关 键 词：俄罗斯 急救医疗服务 救护飞机 

分 类 号：R82[医药卫生—临床医学]