基于语篇实体突显性评估的回指优选解析——对中心优选理论的理论性修正  

Anaphoric Optimization in the Light of Discourse Entities' Salience Weight: A Theoretical Amendment to Centering Optimality Theory

作　　者：王大方[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学外国语学院,北京100872

出　　处：《外语与外语教学》2016年第3期37-47,145,共11页Foreign Languages and Their Teaching

摘　　要：在回指研究领域的一个普遍共识是处于受话者注意力中心、突显性最高的语篇实体在语篇中再次出现时更倾向于被缩略形式所替代(多数情况下为代词)。因此,在回指解析中的一个关键问题是:哪些因素会影响语篇实体的突显性并帮助受话人对其进行有效评估?Beaver的中心优选理论仅凭句法成分来衡量不同语篇实体的突显程度,这一略显粗糙的做法无疑降低了回指解析的准确率。本文将借助丰富的语例探究信息状态、视角效果、指称形式、平行效应这四个因素对语篇实体突显性的影响,进而将它们转化为制约条件对中心优选理论框架下的评估器进行充实和完善,提升其在回指优选解析中的表现。There exists a general consensus that the most salient discourse entity-those entities that are currently at the center of attention—tend to be referred to with the most reduced referring expressions,in most cases a pronoun. Here comes the question that is crucial for anaphora resolution:what kinds of factors influence a referent's saliency and howto evaluate it effectively ? In Beaver's Centering Optimality Theory( COT),the grammatical role is the major determinant of the ranking on salience weight,which diminishes the precision of resolution to some degree. In this study,four factors that have been claimed to influence salience are examined with abundant examples:( 1) information status,( 2) view-point effect,( 3) referential form,and( 4) parallel effect. They are then transformed into constraints of Evaluator in COT so as to improve its performance in anaphora optimization.

关 键 词：回指解析 突显性 中心优选理论 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]