埃博拉病毒及治疗药物和疫苗的研究进展  

Recent advances in therapeutic drugs and vaccines against Ebola virus

作　　者：马茜[1] 姚佳[1] 柴长斌[1] 张鸿[2] 汪洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安医学院基础医学部,710021 [2]陕西省人民医院感染性疾病科,西安710068

出　　处：《中华微生物学和免疫学杂志》2016年第5期390-395,共6页Chinese Journal of Microbiology and Immunology

摘　　要：埃博拉出血热是由埃博拉病毒（EBOV）引起的一种急性传染病，病死率高达90%。由于埃博拉病毒高传染率和高死亡率，严重危害公共卫生安全，被世界卫生组织定义为最高生物安全威胁病毒；但迄今尚未找到高效的应对措施和有效的治疗手段。针对埃博拉病毒的疫苗和药物正在加紧研发，并有部分已经进入临床试验，如治疗性药物ZMapp、BCX-4430、GS-5734和DNA疫苗、腺病毒载体疫苗等。2014年底，美国国立卫生研究院（National Institutes of Health，NIH）宣布其研发的一种疫苗已成功通过临床试验，而我国首个抗埃博拉病毒药物亦已获批，但仅限于紧急情况下使用。本文重点对EBOV的治疗性药物和疫苗的研究进展进行综述。Ebola hemorrhagic fever is an acute infectious disease caused by Ebola virus, the mortality rate of which is up to 90%. Due to its high infection rate, high mortality rate as well as being a serious threat to public health and safety, Ebola virus is listed as a World Health Organization Risk Group 4 Pathogen （requiring Biosafety Level 4-equivalent containment）. However, there is no effective control method and treatment for Ebola virus infection. Different approaches have been used to develop vaccines and therapeutic drugs against Ebola virus infection and clinical trials of some products have been initiated, such as ZMapp, BCX-4430, GS-5734, DNA vaccines, and adenovirus vector vaccines. National Institutes of Health （NIH） announced a successful development of vaccine for Ebola virus which had passed the clinical trial by the end of 2014. At the meantime, the first anti-Ebola virus medicine had also been approved in China for emergency use only. Recent advances in the research and development of therapeutic drugs and vaccines against Ebola virus will be described in this review.

关 键 词：埃博拉病毒 埃博拉出血热 治疗性药物 疫苗 研发 

分 类 号：R512.8[医药卫生—内科学]