玉米秸秆低温降解复合菌系GF-20的促分解作用及对土壤微生物多样性的影响  

Effects of Microbial Consortium GF-20 with Low Temperature Efficiency on Corn Stalk Degradation and Soil Microbial Diversity

作　　者：青格尔[1] 高聚林[1] 王振[1] 于晓芳[1] 王志刚[1] 闹干朝鲁[1] 胡树平[1] 孙继颖[1] 谢岷[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《玉米科学》2016年第3期153-161,共9页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD16B13;2012BAD04B04;2013BAD07B04;2011BAD16B14);国家玉米产业技术体系(CARS-02-63);内蒙古农业大学引进人才科研启动项目(YJ 2014-5)

摘　　要：在10℃黑暗条件下进行室内土培接种实验,评价玉米秸秆低温降解复合菌系GF-20对玉米秸秆的促分解作用及对土壤微生物群落多样性的影响。在接种后15、30、45和60 d分别测定GF-20及对照菌剂LK和SM的玉米秸秆降解率及土壤微生物群落结构。结果表明,与未施菌剂对照(CK)相比,施用菌剂在一定程度上加快玉米秸秆的分解,以低温高效菌剂GF-20效果最佳,可明显加快秸秆分解进程。利用16Sr DNA-PCR-DGGE技术检测土壤微生物群落的多样性,与未施菌剂对照(CK)和无秸秆无菌剂的空白对照(B)相比,施用菌剂对土壤细菌群落结构产生较大的影响,可显著提高土壤细菌富度(S)和多样性指数(H),表现为GF-20>LK>SM>CK>B;各处理之间的种群均匀度指数(E)差异不显著。玉米秸秆添加促腐解菌剂,可有效加快秸秆分解,增加土壤微生物群落多样性。In order to reveal the effects of microbial inoculants on corn stalk degradation and soil microbial di-versity, corn stalk was used as organic material, three different microbial inoculants（GF-20, LK and SM） were usedand cultured in the incubator under the dark culture condition at 10℃, an incubation experiment was carried out inthe laboratory. Corn stalk degradation ratio and microbial biomass were measured at four different sampling times of15, 30, 45 and 60 d. The results showed that the decomposition of corn stalk could be enhanced by inoculation anddegradation ratio of corn stalk in GF-20, LK and SM. The 16 SrDNA-PCR-DGGE fingerprinting profile of microbialindicated the composition and distribution of bands and cluster analyses based on the band similarity in migrationand intensity between lanes were used to understand the distance of each lane. The results showed that comparedwith CK and B, applying inoculants can significantly increase soil microbial Shannon diversity indices（H） and spe-cies richness（S）, the species evenness index between the groups（E） no significant difference. In summary, corn stalkmicrobial inoculants could effectively accelerate corn stalk degradation and increase the soil microbial communitydiversity.

关 键 词：玉米 促腐解菌剂 秸秆降解率 微生物群落 

分 类 号：S435.131[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]