文义解释的语用分析与构建  

Pragmatic Analysis and Construction of Literal Interpretation

作　　者：徐明[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《政法论丛》2016年第3期106-114,共9页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"医学生命科技的法律规制创新研究"(14CFX036);湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究重大项目"医疗纠纷中典型法律问题及其解决机制研究"(15ZD037)

摘　　要：法律解释是法学方法论研究的焦点。在法律解释的过程中,法官在绝大多数情况下都会用到文义解释的方法,而且往往是首选的解释方法。传统文义解释过程中主要采取语义分析法,但语义分析困固于主客二分的层面,呈现出纯粹、单一、静止、机械而又封闭的局限性,它虽然有助于限制法官的擅断而且排斥价值判断等其他因素的参与,但也极易形成机械司法。为克服和减少文义解释的局限性,本文引入和强化语用学分析法之动态、恰当、合理以及融贯性之理念,不仅强调文义解释的语境适应性、全面整体性以及多维融贯性的语用原则,而且更要结合司法实证理解文义解释的语义语用结合准则、关联协调准则、动静结合准则以及语用恰当准则,进而实现文义解释之法理自觉和能动实践之双赢。Focus of research is the methodology of legal interpretation. In the process of legal interpretation,Judges in most cases use literal interpretation approach,literal interpretation is the preferred method,Semantic analysis is the main analysis methods in traditional literal interpretation. semantic analysis method confined to the subject- object dichotomy Showing a pure,single,stationary,mechanical and closed state,While helpingto limit the judge＇s arbitrary value judgment and exclusion of other factors,such as participation,but also easy to form the machinery of Justice. this article based on the pragmatic analysis to look at the literal interpretation： Pragmatic analysis method about the dynamic,appropriate and reasonable,and coherence,Stress explained within the context of,pay attention to the overall coordination of associations; In building a pragmatic rule of literal interpretation,Not only emphasis on literal interpretation of context tendency,comprehensive holistic and multidimensional coherence the principle,in conjunction with judicial practice understands the semantics of literal interpretation of pragmatic with guidelines,related harmonized guidelines,static and dynamic binding guidelines as well as guidelines for pragmatic cooperation,in the process from Semantic analysis turned pragmatic analysis creating theory and practice of win- win situation.

关 键 词：法律解释 文义解释 语义分析 语用学转向 

分 类 号：DF0-051[政治法律—法学理论]